import time
from kazoo.client import KazooClient

zk = KazooClient(hosts='127.0.0.1:2181')
zk.start()

# Create a node in ZooKeeper
zk.create("/myapp/node1", b"data1", makepath=True)

# Read the data stored in the node
data, stat = zk.get("/myapp/node1")
print("Node data:", data.decode())

# Update the data stored in the node
zk.set("/myapp/node1", b"data2")
data, stat = zk.get("/myapp/node1")
print("Updated node data:", data.decode())

# Delete the node
zk.delete("/myapp/node1")

# Check if the node exists
if zk.exists("/myapp/node1"):
    print("Node exists")
else:
    print("Node does not exist")

zk.stop()

import hashlib

def get_md5_hash(data):
    md5 = hashlib.md5()
    md5.update(data.encode())
    return md5.hexdigest()

data = "Hello World!"
hash = get_md5_hash(data)
print("MD5 hash of '{}': {}".format(data, hash))

import flask
import pymongo

app = flask.Flask(__name__)

# Connect to the database
client = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
db = client["url_shortener"]
urls = db["urls"]

# Define an endpoint for shortening a URL
@app.route("/shorten", methods=["POST"])
def shorten_url():
    # Retrieve the URL to be shortened from the request
    long_url = flask.request.form["long_url"]

    # Generate a unique identifier for the URL
    url_id = generate_unique_id()

    # Store the URL in the database
    urls.insert_one({"_id": url_id, "long_url": long_url})

    # Return the shortened URL
    return flask.jsonify({"short_url": f"http://localhost:5002/{url_id}"})

# Define an endpoint for resolving a shortened URL
@app.route("/<url_id>", methods=["GET"])
def resolve_url(url_id):
    # Retrieve the long URL from the database
    url = urls.find_one({"_id": url_id})

    # Return the long URL
    return flask.redirect(url["long_url"])

# Example usage
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(port=5002)

from flask import Flask, jsonify, request
import string
import random
import redis

app = Flask(__name__)

# Initialize Redis client
redis_client = redis.Redis(host='localhost', port=6379, db=0)

# Endpoint for shortening a URL
@app.route('/shorten', methods=['POST'])
def shorten_url():
    # Get URL from request
    url = request.json['url']
    
    # Generate short code
    short_code = generate_short_code()
    
    # Store short code and URL in Redis
    redis_client.set(short_code, url)
    
    # Return short URL
    short_url = request.host_url + short_code
    return jsonify({'short_url': short_url})

# Endpoint for redirecting a short URL to the original URL
@app.route('/<string:short_code>', methods=['GET'])
def redirect_url(short_code):
    # Get URL from Redis
    url = redis_client.get(short_code)
    
    # Redirect to original URL
    if url:
        return redirect(url.decode(), code=302)
    else:
        return jsonify({'message': 'Short code not found'})

# Helper function for generating a random short code
def generate_short_code():
    characters = string.ascii_letters + string.digits
    while True:
        short_code = ''.join(random.choice(characters) for i in range(6))
        if not redis_client.get(short_code):
            return short_code

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

from flask import Flask, request
import hashlib
import json

app = Flask(__name__)

# Create a database to store the mapping of short URLs to original URLs
short_to_long_url_mapping = {}
long_to_short_url_mapping = {}

# Define the hash function to generate a unique short URL
def get_short_url(long_url):
    # Use the SHA-256 hash function to generate a unique hash for the long URL
    hash = hashlib.sha256(long_url.encode()).hexdigest()[:6]
    # Return the shortened URL
    return "http://example.com/" + hash

# Route to handle URL shortening requests
@app.route("/shorten", methods=["POST"])
def shorten_url():
    # Extract the long URL from the request body
    long_url = request.get_json()["long_url"]
    # Check if the long URL has already been shortened
    if long_url in long_to_short_url_mapping:
        return json.dumps({"short_url": long_to_short_url_mapping[long_url]})
    # If the long URL has not been shortened, generate a new short URL
    short_url = get_short_url(long_url)
    # Store the mapping of the short URL to the long URL
    short_to_long_url_mapping[short_url] = long_url
    long_to_short_url_mapping[long_url] = short_url
    # Return the short URL
    return json.dumps({"short_url": short_url})

# Route to handle URL redirects
@app.route("/<short_url>")
def redirect_url(short_url):
    # Look up the long URL associated with the short URL
    long_url = short_to_long_url_mapping.get(short_url)
    # If the short URL is not in the database, return an error
    if not long_url:
        return "Error: URL not found", 404
    # Otherwise, redirect to the long URL
    return redirect(long_url)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(debug=True)

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;

class URLShortener {
    private Map<String, String> shortToOriginal;
    private Map<String, String> originalToShort;
    private static final String CHARACTERS = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789";
    private static final int SHORT_LENGTH = 6;

    public URLShortener() {
        this.shortToOriginal = new HashMap<>();
        this.originalToShort = new HashMap<>();
    }

    public String shortenURL(String originalURL) {
        if (originalToShort.containsKey(originalURL)) {
            return originalToShort.get(originalURL);
        } else {
            String shortURL = generateShortURL();
            shortToOriginal.put(shortURL, originalURL);
            originalToShort.put(originalURL, shortURL);
            return shortURL;
        }
    }

    public String getOriginalURL(String shortURL) {
        return shortToOriginal.get(shortURL);
    }

    private String generateShortURL() {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        Random random = new Random();

        for (int i = 0; i < SHORT_LENGTH; i++) {
            int index = random.nextInt(CHARACTERS.length());
            sb.append(CHARACTERS.charAt(index));
        }

        return sb.toString();
    }
}

public class URLShortenerApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        URLShortener urlShortener = new URLShortener();

        // Shorten URLs
        String shortURL1 = urlShortener.shortenURL("https://www.example.com/page1");
        String shortURL2 = urlShortener.shortenURL("https://www.example.com/page2");
        String shortURL3 = urlShortener.shortenURL("https://www.example.com/page3");

        // Retrieve original URLs
        String originalURL1 = urlShortener.getOriginalURL(shortURL1);
        String originalURL2 = urlShortener.getOriginalURL(shortURL2);
        String originalURL3 = urlShortener.getOriginalURL(shortURL3);

        System.out.println("Original URL for " + shortURL1 + ": " + originalURL1);
        System.out.println("Original URL for " + shortURL2 + ": " + originalURL2);
        System.out.println("Original URL for " + shortURL3 + ": " + originalURL3);
    }
}

pip install pyshorteners

import pyshorteners

# Create an instance of the pyshorteners.Shortener() class
shortener = pyshorteners.Shortener()

# Long URL to be shortened
long_url = "https://www.example.com/a/very/long/url"

# Shorten the URL
short_url = shortener.tinyurl.short(long_url)

# Print the shortened URL
print("Short URL:", short_url)

import pyshorteners

# Create an instance of the pyshorteners.Shortener() class
shortener = pyshorteners.Shortener()

# Short URL to be expanded
short_url = "https://tinyurl.com/abc123"

# Expand the URL
long_url = shortener.expand(short_url)

# Redirect the user to the long URL
print("Redirecting to:", long_url)

import string

def shorten_url(url):
    characters = string.ascii_letters + string.digits
    base = len(characters)
    short_url = ""

    # Convert the URL into a unique integer
    url_hash = hash(url)

    # Convert the integer into a base62 representation
    while url_hash > 0:
        url_hash, remainder = divmod(url_hash, base)
        short_url = characters[remainder] + short_url

    return short_url

# Example usage
long_url = "https://www.example.com/some/long/url"
short_url = shorten_url(long_url)
print(short_url)

import sqlite3
from flask import Flask, redirect, abort

app = Flask(__name__)
db = sqlite3.connect("urls.db")  # Assuming a SQLite database

@app.route("/<short_url>")
def redirect_url(short_url):
    # Look up the original URL in the database
    cursor = db.cursor()
    cursor.execute("SELECT original_url FROM urls WHERE short_url=?", (short_url,))
    result = cursor.fetchone()

    if result:
        original_url = result[0]
        return redirect(original_url, code=301)  # Perform a 301 redirect
    else:
        abort(404)  # Short URL not found

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()

import sqlite3

db = sqlite3.connect("analytics.db")  # Assuming a SQLite database

def track_click(short_url, referring_url, country):
    # Save the click event in the database
    cursor = db.cursor()
    cursor.execute("INSERT INTO clicks (short_url, referring_url, country) VALUES (?, ?, ?)",
                   (short_url, referring_url, country))
    db.commit()

# Example usage
short_url = "abc123"
referring_url = "https://www.referrer.com"
country = "US"
track_click(short_url, referring_url, country)

# Horizontal scaling example using multiple server instances
def handle_request(request):
    # Handle request logic
    pass

# Vertical scaling example using multithreading
import threading

def handle_request(request):
    # Handle request logic
    pass

def start_server():
    # Start the server
    pass

# Create multiple threads to handle requests concurrently
for i in range(5):
    t = threading.Thread(target=start_server)
    t.start()

# In-memory caching example using Python dictionary
cache = {}

def get_from_cache(key):
    if key in cache:
        return cache[key]
    else:
        # Fetch data from the database
        data = fetch_from_database(key)
        cache[key] = data
        return data

# CDN caching example using Flask-Caching extension
from flask import Flask
from flask_caching import Cache

app = Flask(__name__)
cache = Cache(app, config={'CACHE_TYPE': 'simple'})

@app.route('/data/<key>')
@cache.cached(timeout=300)  # Cache the response for 300 seconds (5 minutes)
def get_data(key):
    # Fetch data from the database
    data = fetch_from_database(key)
    return data

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

# Nginx configuration example for load balancing
http {
    upstream backend {
        server backend1.example.com;
        server backend2.example.com;
        server backend3.example.com;
    }

    server {
        listen 80;
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://backend;
        }
    }
}

# Example using a relational database (SQLite)
import sqlite3

def store_url_mapping(short_url, original_url):
    conn = sqlite3.connect('url_shortener.db')
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute('INSERT INTO url_mappings (short_url, original_url) VALUES (?, ?)', (short_url, original_url))
    conn.commit()
    conn.close()

def get_original_url(short_url):
    conn = sqlite3.connect('url_shortener.db')
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute('SELECT original_url FROM url_mappings WHERE short_url = ?', (short_url,))
    result = cursor.fetchone()
    conn.close()
    return result[0] if result else None

# Example using a NoSQL database (MongoDB)
from pymongo import MongoClient

client = MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017/')
db = client['url_shortener']

def store_url_mapping(short_url, original_url):
    db.url_mappings.insert_one({'short_url': short_url, 'original_url': original_url})

def get_original_url(short_url):
    result = db.url_mappings.find_one({'short_url': short_url})
    return result['original_url'] if result else None

# Example using transaction for data consistency in a relational database (SQLite)
import sqlite3

def store_url_mapping(short_url, original_url):
    conn = sqlite3.connect('url_shortener.db')
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    try:
        conn.execute('BEGIN')
        cursor.execute('INSERT INTO url_mappings (short_url, original_url) VALUES (?, ?)', (short_url, original_url))
        conn.commit()
    except Exception as e:
        conn.execute('ROLLBACK')
        raise e
    finally:
        conn.close()

# Example allowing users to customize their shortened URLs
def create_custom_short_url(custom_alias, original_url):
    # Check if the custom alias is available
    if is_custom_alias_available(custom_alias):
        store_url_mapping(custom_alias, original_url)
        return custom_alias
    else:
        # Handle conflict or provide alternative options
        return generate_alternative_short_url()

def is_custom_alias_available(custom_alias):
    # Check if the custom alias is available in the database
    return not get_original_url(custom_alias)

def generate_alternative_short_url():
    # Generate alternative short URL using a different algorithm or approach
    pass

# Example handling reserved keywords and restrictions
RESERVED_KEYWORDS = ['admin', 'settings', 'dashboard']

def is_custom_alias_available(custom_alias):
    # Check if the custom alias is available in the database and not a reserved keyword
    return not get_original_url(custom_alias) and custom_alias not in RESERVED_KEYWORDS

# Example allowing vanity URLs for branding purposes
def create_vanity_url(original_url, vanity_domain):
    vanity_url = generate_vanity_url(vanity_domain)
    store_url_mapping(vanity_url, original_url)
    return vanity_url

def generate_vanity_url(vanity_domain):
    # Generate a vanity URL based on the provided vanity domain and other criteria
    pass

# Example implementing user registration and authentication
import bcrypt

def register_user(username, password):
    # Hash the password before storing it in the database
    hashed_password = bcrypt.hashpw(password.encode(), bcrypt.gensalt())
    store_user(username, hashed_password)

def authenticate_user(username, password):
    # Retrieve the user's hashed password from the database
    hashed_password = get_user_password(username)

    if hashed_password and bcrypt.checkpw(password.encode(), hashed_password.encode()):
        # Passwords match, authentication successful
        return True
    else:
        # Invalid username or password
        return False

# Example handling user profiles, permissions, and access controls
def create_user_profile(user_id, profile_data):
    # Store the user's profile data in the database
    store_user_profile(user_id, profile_data)

def get_user_permissions(user_id):
    # Retrieve the user's permissions from the database
    return get_permissions(user_id)

def has_permission(user_id, permission):
    # Check if the user has the specified permission
    user_permissions = get_user_permissions(user_id)
    return permission in user_permissions

# Example integrating with third-party authentication providers using OAuth
from oauthlib.oauth2 import BackendApplicationClient
from requests_oauthlib import OAuth2Session

def authenticate_with_oauth(client_id, client_secret, oauth_token_url):
    client = BackendApplicationClient(client_id=client_id)
    oauth = OAuth2Session(client=client)
    token = oauth.fetch_token(token_url=oauth_token_url, client_id=client_id, client_secret=client_secret)

    # Access protected resources using the obtained token
    response = oauth.get('https://api.example.com/protected_resource')
    return response.json()

# Example designing user-friendly APIs using Flask framework
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/shorten', methods=['POST'])
def shorten_url():
    original_url = request.form['url']
    short_url = shorten(original_url)
    return jsonify({'short_url': short_url})

@app.route('/analytics', methods=['GET'])
def get_link_analytics():
    short_url = request.args.get('short_url')
    link_analytics = get_link_analytics(short_url)
    return jsonify(link_analytics)

@app.route('/redirect/<short_url>', methods=['GET'])
def redirect_url(short_url):
    original_url = get_original_url(short_url)
    if original_url:
        # Perform redirection
        return redirect(original_url, code=301)
    else:
        # Handle invalid or expired URLs
        return jsonify({'error': 'Invalid or expired URL'})

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

# Example handling API authentication, rate limiting, and data access controls using Flask framework
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/shorten', methods=['POST'])
@authenticate_api_request
@rate_limit_exceeded
def shorten_url():
    original_url = request.form['url']
    short_url = shorten(original_url)
    return jsonify({'short_url': short_url})

@app.route('/analytics', methods=['GET'])
@authenticate_api_request
@rate_limit_exceeded
def get_link_analytics():
    short_url = request.args.get('short_url')
    link_analytics = get_link_analytics(short_url)
    return jsonify(link_analytics)

@app.route('/redirect/<short_url>', methods=['GET'])
def redirect_url(short_url):
    original_url = get_original_url(short_url)
    if original_url:
        # Perform redirection
        return redirect(original_url, code=301)
    else:
        # Handle invalid or expired URLs
        return jsonify({'error': 'Invalid or expired URL'})

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

# Example providing comprehensive documentation and SDKs for developers
# You can use tools like Swagger or Flask-RESTful to generate API documentation

# Documentation for API endpoints and their functionalities
"""
POST /shorten
    Description: Shortens a given URL.
    Parameters:
        - url: The original URL to be shortened.
    Returns:
        - short_url: The shortened URL.

GET /analytics
    Description: Retrieves analytics data for a given shortened URL.
    Parameters:
        - short_url: The shortened URL.
    Returns:
        - link_analytics: Analytics data for the shortened URL.

GET /redirect/<short_url>
    Description: Performs a redirection to the original URL associated with the given shortened URL.
    Parameters:
        - short_url: The shortened URL.
    Returns:
        - Redirects to the original URL or returns an error if the URL is invalid or expired.
"""

# SDK for integrating with the URL shortener service
class URLShortenerClient:
    def __init__(self, base_url, api_key):
        self.base_url = base_url
        self.api_key = api_key

    def shorten_url(self, original_url):
        # Implementation of the SDK function to shorten a URL
        endpoint = '/shorten'
        headers = {'Authorization': self.api_key}
        data = {'url': original_url}
        response = requests.post(self.base_url + endpoint, headers=headers, data=data)
        return response.json()

    def get_link_analytics(self, short_url):
        # Implementation of the SDK function to retrieve link analytics
        endpoint = '/analytics'
        headers = {'Authorization': self.api_key}
        params = {'short_url': short_url}
        response = requests.get(self.base_url + endpoint, headers=headers, params=params)
        return response.json()

    def redirect_url(self, short_url):
        # Implementation of the SDK function to perform URL redirection
        endpoint = '/redirect/' + short_url
       

import logging

# Configure the logger
logging.basicConfig(filename='url_shortener.log', level=logging.ERROR, format='%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s')

def shorten_url(url):
    try:
        # Code for shortening the URL
        # ...
        return short_url
    except Exception as e:
        logging.error('An error occurred while shortening the URL: %s', str(e))
        return None

def redirect_url(short_url):
    try:
        # Code for redirecting to the original URL
        # ...
        return original_url
    except Exception as e:
        logging.error('An error occurred while redirecting the URL: %s', str(e))
        return None

def monitor_system():
    # Code for monitoring system health and performance
    # ...

def send_alert(message):
    # Code for sending alerts and notifications
    # ...

# Example usage
short_url = shorten_url('https://www.example.com')
if short_url is None:
    send_alert('Error occurred while shortening the URL')

original_url = redirect_url('abc123')
if original_url is None:
    send_alert('Error occurred while redirecting the URL')

monitor_system()

import logging
import smtplib

# Configure the logger
logging.basicConfig(filename='url_shortener.log', level=logging.ERROR, format='%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s')

def shorten_url(url):
    try:
        # Code for shortening the URL
        # ...
        return short_url
    except Exception as e:
        logging.error('An error occurred while shortening the URL: %s', str(e))
        return None

def redirect_url(short_url):
    try:
        # Code for redirecting to the original URL
        # ...
        return original_url
    except Exception as e:
        logging.error('An error occurred while redirecting the URL: %s', str(e))
        return None

def monitor_system():
    # Code for monitoring system health and performance
    # ...

def send_alert(message):
    # Code for sending alerts and notifications
    try:
        # Code for sending email alert
        smtp_server = 'smtp.example.com'
        sender_email = 'alerts@example.com'
        receiver_email = 'admin@example.com'
        subject = 'URL Shortener Alert'
        body = message

        email_message = f"Subject: {subject}\n\n{body}"

        with smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server) as server:
            server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, email_message)

    except Exception as e:
        logging.error('An error occurred while sending an alert: %s', str(e))

def handle_error_and_alert():
    # Example usage
    short_url = shorten_url('https://www.example.com')
    if short_url is None:
        send_alert('Error occurred while shortening the URL')

    original_url = redirect_url('abc123')
    if original_url is None:
        send_alert('Error occurred while redirecting the URL')

    monitor_system()

def handle_compliance():
    # Code for handling compliance and legal considerations
    # ...

# Example usage
handle_error_and_alert()
handle_compliance()

class SearchAndFilterService:
    def search_properties(self, location, price_range, amenities):
        filtered_properties = []
        for property in properties:
            if property.location == location and \
               property.price >= price_range[0] and property.price <= price_range[1] and \
               all(amenity in property.amenities for amenity in amenities):
                filtered_properties.append(property)
        return filtered_properties


class UserManagementService:
    def register_user(self, user):
        # Logic for user registration
        users.append(user)

    def authenticate_user(self, username, password):
        for user in users:
            if user.username == username and user.password == password:
                return True
        return False

    def update_profile(self, user_id, new_data):
        for user in users:
            if user.user_id == user_id:
                # Update user profile data
                user.username = new_data.get('username', user.username)
                user.password = new_data.get('password', user.password)
                # Update other user attributes
                break


class BookingAndPaymentService:
    def create_booking(self, user_id, property_id, check_in_date, check_out_date, guests):
        booking_id = len(bookings) + 1
        booking = Booking(booking_id, user_id, property_id, check_in_date, check_out_date, guests)
        bookings.append(booking)
        return booking_id

    def make_payment(self, booking_id, payment_info):
        for booking in bookings:
            if booking.booking_id == booking_id:
                # Process payment using payment_info
                break


class ReviewService:
    def submit_review(self, user_id, property_id, rating, comment):
        review_id = len(reviews) + 1
        review = Review(review_id, user_id, property_id, rating, comment)
        reviews.append(review)

    def get_reviews(self, property_id):
        property_reviews = []
        for review in reviews:
            if review.property_id == property_id:
                property_reviews.append(review)
        return property_reviews


class FeedGenerationService:
    def generate_feed(self, user_id):
        user_feed = []
        user_preferences = get_user_preferences(user_id)
        for property in properties:
            if property.location in user_preferences['locations'] and \
               property.price <= user_preferences['max_price'] and \
               any(amenity in property.amenities for amenity in user_preferences['amenities']):
                user_feed.append(property)
        return user_feed


# Example usage of the services
search_service = SearchAndFilterService()
filtered_properties = search_service.search_properties("New York", [100, 200], ["WiFi", "Pool"])

user_service = UserManagementService()
user_service.register_user(user)

booking_service = BookingAndPaymentService()
booking_id = booking_service.create_booking(user_id, property_id, check_in_date, check_out_date, guests)

review_service = ReviewService()
review_service.submit_review(user_id, property_id, rating, comment)

feed_service = FeedGenerationService()
user_feed = feed_service.generate_feed(user_id)

class User:
    def __init__(self, user_id, username, password):
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        # Other user attributes

class Property:
    def __init__(self, property_id, name, location, price, amenities):
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.name = name
        self.location = location
        self.price = price
        self.amenities = amenities
        # Other property attributes

class Booking:
    def __init__(self, booking_id, user_id, property_id, check_in_date, check_out_date, guests):
        self.booking_id = booking_id
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.check_in_date = check_in_date
        self.check_out_date = check_out_date
        self.guests = guests
        # Other booking attributes

class Review:
    def __init__(self, review_id, property_id, user_id, rating, comment):
        self.review_id = review_id
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.rating = rating
        self.comment = comment
        # Other review attributes

class Agoda:
    def __init__(self):
        self.users = {}
        self.properties = {}
        self.bookings = {}
        self.reviews = {}
        # Initialize other data structures

    def add_user(self, user):
        self.users[user.user_id] = user

    def get_user_by_id(self, user_id):
        return self.users.get(user_id)

    def add_property(self, property):
        self.properties[property.property_id] = property

    def get_property_by_id(self, property_id):
        return self.properties.get(property_id)

    def create_booking(self, booking):
        self.bookings[booking.booking_id] = booking

    def create_review(self, review):
        self.reviews[review.review_id] = review

    # Additional methods for handling other operations

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

# User Registration API
@app.route('/api/users/register', methods=['POST'])
def register_user():
    user_data = request.get_json()
    
    # Perform validation and user registration logic
    # ...

    return jsonify({
        "message": "User registered successfully.",
        "user_id": "123456789"
    }), 200

# Property Search API
@app.route('/api/properties/search', methods=['GET'])
def search_properties():
    location = request.args.get('location')
    check_in = request.args.get('check_in')
    check_out = request.args.get('check_out')
    guests = request.args.get('guests')

    # Perform property search logic
    # ...

    properties = [
        {
            "property_id": "abcd1234",
            "name": "Agoda Hotel",
            "location": "City X",
            "price": 100,
            "rating": 4.5
        },
        {
            "property_id": "efgh5678",
            "name": "Agoda Resort",
            "location": "Beach Y",
            "price": 200,
            "rating": 4.8
        }
    ]

    return jsonify({"properties": properties}), 200

# Booking Creation API
@app.route('/api/bookings/create', methods=['POST'])
def create_booking():
    booking_data = request.get_json()

    # Perform validation and booking creation logic
    # ...

    return jsonify({
        "message": "Booking created successfully.",
        "booking_id": "xyz987654"
    }), 200

# Run the Flask application
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

def search_accommodations(location, price_range, amenities, user_ratings):
    # Perform search and filtering logic based on the provided parameters
    filtered_accommodations = []
    for accommodation in accommodations:
        if accommodation.location == location and \
           accommodation.price in price_range and \
           all(amenity in accommodation.amenities for amenity in amenities) and \
           accommodation.rating >= user_ratings:
            filtered_accommodations.append(accommodation)
    return filtered_accommodations

class User:
    def __init__(self, user_id, name, email):
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.name = name
        self.email = email
        self.favorite_properties = []

    def add_favorite_property(self, property_id):
        self.favorite_properties.append(property_id)

    def get_personalized_recommendations(self):
        # Perform personalized recommendation logic based on user's browsing and booking history
        recommended_properties = []
        # Logic to determine recommended properties based on user's history
        return recommended_properties

class Booking:
    def __init__(self, booking_id, user_id, property_id, check_in, check_out, guests):
        self.booking_id = booking_id
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.check_in = check_in
        self.check_out = check_out
        self.guests = guests

    def make_payment(self, payment_method):
        # Perform payment processing logic using the provided payment method
        # Logic to process payment
        return "Payment successful"

class Review:
    def __init__(self, property_id, user_id, rating, comment):
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.rating = rating
        self.comment = comment

    def submit_review(self):
        # Perform review submission logic
        # Logic to submit a review
        return "Review submitted successfully"

    @staticmethod
    def get_reviews(property_id):
        # Retrieve the reviews for the specified property
        property_reviews = []
        # Logic to retrieve reviews for the property
        return property_reviews

class Agoda:
    def __init__(self, language, currency):
        self.language = language
        self.currency = currency

    def set_language(self, language):
        self.language = language

    def set_currency(self, currency):
        self.currency = currency

    def convert_currency(self, amount, target_currency):
        # Perform currency conversion logic using exchange rates
        converted_amount = 0.0
        # Logic to convert amount to the target currency
        return converted_amount

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)
agoda = Agoda()

# User Management API
@app.route('/users', methods=['POST'])
def create_user():
    data = request.get_json()
    user = User(data['user_id'], data['username'], data['password'])
    agoda.add_user(user)
    return {'message': 'User created successfully'}, 201

@app.route('/users/<user_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_user(user_id):
    user = agoda.get_user_by_id(user_id)
    if user:
        return {
            'user_id': user.user_id,
            'username': user.username,
            # Include other user attributes as needed
        }, 200
    else:
        return {'message': 'User not found'}, 404

# Property Management API
@app.route('/properties', methods=['POST'])
def create_property():
    data = request.get_json()
    property = Property(data['property_id'], data['name'], data['location'], data['price'], data['amenities'])
    agoda.add_property(property)
    return {'message': 'Property added successfully'}, 201

@app.route('/properties/<property_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_property(property_id):
    property = agoda.get_property_by_id(property_id)
    if property:
        return {
            'property_id': property.property_id,
            'name': property.name,
            # Include other property attributes as needed
        }, 200
    else:
        return {'message': 'Property not found'}, 404

# Booking API
@app.route('/bookings', methods=['POST'])
def create_booking():
    data = request.get_json()
    booking = Booking(data['booking_id'], data['user_id'], data['property_id'], data['check_in_date'], data['check_out_date'], data['guests'])
    agoda.create_booking(booking)
    return {'message': 'Booking created successfully'}, 201

# Review API
@app.route('/reviews', methods=['POST'])
def create_review():
    data = request.get_json()
    review = Review(data['review_id'], data['property_id'], data['user_id'], data['rating'], data['comment'])
    agoda.create_review(review)
    return {'message': 'Review created successfully'}, 201

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

from datetime import datetime

class RazorpayPaymentService:
    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize payment service configuration
        self.payment_gateway = "Razorpay"
    
    def process_payment(self, user_id, amount, currency):
        # Logic to process payment using Razorpay payment gateway
        # Implementation details omitted
        transaction_id = self.generate_transaction_id()
        timestamp = datetime.now()
        # Perform necessary operations to process the payment
        print(f"Payment processed for user {user_id}. Transaction ID: {transaction_id}. Amount: {amount} {currency}.")
        return transaction_id
    
    def generate_transaction_id(self):
        # Logic to generate a unique transaction ID
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Generate a unique transaction ID based on timestamp or other criteria
        return "TXN123456789"  # Placeholder value

class RazorpayUserService:
    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize user service configuration
        pass
    
    def register_user(self, username, email, password):
        # Logic to register a new user
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to register the user
        print(f"New user registered: {username} ({email})")
    
    def authenticate_user(self, email, password):
        # Logic to authenticate a user
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to authenticate the user
        user_id = self.get_user_id_by_email(email)
        if user_id:
            print(f"User {user_id} authenticated successfully.")
        else:
            print("Invalid credentials.")
    
    def get_user_id_by_email(self, email):
        # Logic to retrieve user ID by email
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Retrieve user ID based on the provided email
        return "user123"  # Placeholder value

class RazorpayTransactionService:
    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize transaction service configuration
        pass
    
    def get_transaction_details(self, transaction_id):
        # Logic to retrieve transaction details
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Retrieve transaction details based on the provided transaction ID
        transaction_details = {
            "transaction_id": transaction_id,
            "amount": 1000,
            "currency": "INR",
            "timestamp": datetime.now()
        }
        return transaction_details
    
    def get_transaction_history(self, user_id):
        # Logic to retrieve transaction history for a user
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Retrieve transaction history based on the provided user ID
        transaction_history = [
            {"transaction_id": "TXN123", "amount": 500, "currency": "INR", "timestamp": datetime.now()},
            {"transaction_id": "TXN456", "amount": 750, "currency": "USD", "timestamp": datetime.now()}
        ]
        return transaction_history

class RazorpayPaymentMethodService:
    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize payment method service configuration
        pass
    
    def add_payment_method(self, user_id, method_type, card_number, expiry_date):
        # Logic to add a payment method for a user
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to add the payment method
        print(f"Payment method added for user {user_id}. Method Type: {method_type}. Card Number: {card_number}.")
    
    def update_payment_method(self, user_id, method_type, card_number, expiry_date):
        # Logic to update a payment method for a user
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to update the payment method
        print(f"Payment method updated for user {user_id}. Method Type: {method_type}. Card Number: {card_number}.")
    
    def remove_payment_method(self, user_id, method_type, card_number):
        # Logic to remove a payment method for a user
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to remove the payment method
        print(f"Payment method removed for user {user_id}. Method Type: {method_type}. Card Number: {card_number}.")

class RazorpayAnalyticsService:
    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize analytics service configuration
        pass
    
    def analyze_transactions(self, transaction_history):
        # Logic to analyze transaction data
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to analyze transaction history and provide insights
        print("Analyzing transaction data...")
        # Placeholder logic: Print transaction details
        for transaction in transaction_history:
            print(f"Transaction ID: {transaction['transaction_id']}, Amount: {transaction['amount']} {transaction['currency']}")
    
    def detect_fraudulent_transactions(self, transaction_history):
        # Logic to detect fraudulent transactions
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to detect fraudulent transactions in the transaction history
        print("Detecting fraudulent transactions...")
        # Placeholder logic: Print transaction details
        for transaction in transaction_history:
            print(f"Transaction ID: {transaction['transaction_id']}, Amount: {transaction['amount']} {transaction['currency']}")

class RazorpayNotificationService:
    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize notification service configuration
        pass
    
    def send_notification(self, user_id, message):
        # Logic to send a notification to a user
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to send the notification
        print(f"Notification sent to user {user_id}: {message}")

# Example usage:

# Payment Service
payment_service = RazorpayPaymentService()
transaction_id = payment_service.process_payment(user_id="user123", amount=1000, currency="INR")
transaction_details = payment_service.get_transaction_details(transaction_id)
print("Transaction Details:", transaction_details)

# User Service
user_service = RazorpayUserService()
user_service.register_user(username="JohnDoe", email="[email protected]", password="password123")
user_service.authenticate_user(email="[email protected]", password="password123")

# Transaction Service
transaction_service = RazorpayTransactionService()
transaction_history = transaction_service.get_transaction_history(user_id="user123")
print("Transaction History:")
for transaction in transaction_history:
    print(transaction)

# Payment Method Service
payment_method_service = RazorpayPaymentMethodService()
payment_method_service.add_payment_method(user_id="user123", method_type="Credit Card", card_number="**** **** **** 1234", expiry_date="12/24")
payment_method_service.update_payment_method(user_id="user123", method_type="Credit Card", card_number="**** **** **** 5678", expiry_date="06/26")
payment_method_service.remove_payment_method(user_id="user123", method_type="Credit Card", card_number="**** **** **** 1234")

# Analytics Service
analytics_service = RazorpayAnalyticsService()
analytics_service.analyze_transactions(transaction_history)
analytics_service.detect_fraudulent_transactions(transaction_history)

# Notification Service
notification_service = RazorpayNotificationService()
notification_service.send_notification(user_id="user123", message="Payment received successfully!")

class User:
    def __init__(self, user_id, username, password):
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        # Other user attributes
    
class Transaction:
    def __init__(self, transaction_id, user, amount, currency):
        self.transaction_id = transaction_id
        self.user = user
        self.amount = amount
        self.currency = currency
        # Other transaction attributes
    
class Razorpay:
    def __init__(self):
        self.users = {}
        self.transactions = []
        
    def add_user(self, user):
        self.users[user.user_id] = user
        
    def get_user_by_id(self, user_id):
        return self.users.get(user_id)
        
    def create_transaction(self, user_id, amount, currency):
        user = self.get_user_by_id(user_id)
        if user:
            transaction_id = generate_transaction_id()
            transaction = Transaction(transaction_id, user, amount, currency)
            self.transactions.append(transaction)
            # Additional logic to process the transaction
        else:
            print("User not found.")
            
    def generate_transaction_id(self):
        # Logic to generate a unique transaction ID
        pass

import requests

class RazorpayAPI:
    def __init__(self, api_key, api_secret):
        self.api_key = api_key
        self.api_secret = api_secret

    def create_payment(self, amount, currency, method, customer_details):
        url = "https://api.razorpay.com/v1/payments"
        headers = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            "Authorization": f"Basic {self.api_key}:{self.api_secret}"
        }
        data = {
            "amount": amount,
            "currency": currency,
            "method": method,
            "customer_details": customer_details
        }
        response = requests.post(url, json=data, headers=headers)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            payment_id = response.json().get("id")
            return payment_id
        else:
            raise Exception("Failed to create payment")

    def fetch_payment_details(self, payment_id):
        url = f"https://api.razorpay.com/v1/payments/{payment_id}"
        headers = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            "Authorization": f"Basic {self.api_key}:{self.api_secret}"
        }
        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            payment_details = response.json()
            return payment_details
        else:
            raise Exception("Failed to fetch payment details")

    def capture_payment(self, payment_id, amount):
        url = f"https://api.razorpay.com/v1/payments/{payment_id}/capture"
        headers = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            "Authorization": f"Basic {self.api_key}:{self.api_secret}"
        }
        data = {
            "amount": amount
        }
        response = requests.post(url, json=data, headers=headers)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            payment_status = response.json().get("status")
            return payment_status
        else:
            raise Exception("Failed to capture payment")

    def refund_payment(self, payment_id, amount):
        url = f"https://api.razorpay.com/v1/payments/{payment_id}/refund"
        headers = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            "Authorization": f"Basic {self.api_key}:{self.api_secret}"
        }
        data = {
            "amount": amount
        }
        response = requests.post(url, json=data, headers=headers)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            refund_status = response.json().get("status")
            return refund_status
        else:
            raise Exception("Failed to refund payment")

# Example Usage
razorpay_api = RazorpayAPI("<your_api_key>", "<your_api_secret>")

# Create Payment
payment_id = razorpay_api.create_payment(1000, "INR", "card", {"name": "John Doe", "email": "[email protected]"})

# Fetch Payment Details
payment_details = razorpay_api.fetch_payment_details(payment_id)

# Capture Payment
capture_status = razorpay_api.capture_payment(payment_id, 1000)

# Refund Payment
refund_status = razorpay_api.refund_payment(payment_id, 500)

from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()

class Payment(BaseModel):
    amount: float
    currency: str
    method: str
    customer_details: dict

@app.post("/payments")
def create_payment(payment: Payment):
    # Code to create a payment in Razorpay
    payment_id = create_payment_in_razorpay(payment.amount, payment.currency, payment.method, payment.customer_details)
    
    if payment_id:
        return {"payment_id": payment_id}
    else:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail="Failed to create payment")

@app.get("/payments/{payment_id}")
def get_payment(payment_id: str):
    # Code to fetch payment details from Razorpay
    payment_details = fetch_payment_details_from_razorpay(payment_id)
    
    if payment_details:
        return payment_details
    else:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Payment not found")

@app.post("/payments/{payment_id}/capture")
def capture_payment(payment_id: str, amount: float):
    # Code to capture a payment in Razorpay
    capture_status = capture_payment_in_razorpay(payment_id, amount)
    
    if capture_status:
        return {"status": capture_status}
    else:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail="Failed to capture payment")

@app.post("/payments/{payment_id}/refund")
def refund_payment(payment_id: str, amount: float):
    # Code to refund a payment in Razorpay
    refund_status = refund_payment_in_razorpay(payment_id, amount)
    
    if refund_status:
        return {"status": refund_status}
    else:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail="Failed to refund payment")

class RazorpayPaymentGateway:
    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize payment gateway configuration
        self.payment_gateway = "Razorpay"
    
    def accept_payment(self, payment_details):
        # Logic to accept payments using Razorpay payment gateway
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to accept payment
        print(f"Payment of {payment_details['amount']} {payment_details['currency']} accepted using Razorpay")
    
    def generate_payment_link(self, amount, currency, customer_email):
        # Logic to generate payment link using Razorpay
        # Implementation details omitted
        payment_link = f"https://razorpay.com/payment-link/{customer_email}?amount={amount}&currency={currency}"
        return payment_link
    
class RazorpaySubscription:
    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize subscription billing configuration
        self.billing_system = "Razorpay"
    
    def create_subscription(self, customer_id, plan_id, start_date, trial_days):
        # Logic to create a subscription using Razorpay
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to create a subscription
        print(f"Subscription created for customer {customer_id} with plan {plan_id} starting on {start_date} with {trial_days} days trial")
    
    def update_subscription(self, subscription_id, new_plan_id):
        # Logic to update a subscription using Razorpay
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to update the subscription
        print(f"Subscription {subscription_id} updated with new plan {new_plan_id}")

class RazorpaySmartRouting:
    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize smart routing configuration
        self.smart_routing_enabled = True
    
    def route_transaction(self, transaction_details):
        # Logic to route a transaction using Razorpay's smart routing algorithm
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to route the transaction
        print("Transaction routed using Razorpay's smart routing")

class RazorpayPaymentReconciliation:
    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize payment reconciliation configuration
        self.reconciliation_enabled = True
    
    def generate_transaction_report(self, start_date, end_date):
        # Logic to generate transaction report using Razorpay
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to generate the transaction report
        print(f"Transaction report generated for the period {start_date} to {end_date}")

class RazorpayAPI:
    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize API configuration
        self.api_key = "your_api_key"
        self.api_secret = "your_api_secret"
    
    def integrate_with_website(self):
        # Logic to integrate Razorpay API with website
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to integrate with the website
        print("Integrated Razorpay API with website")
    
    def integrate_with_mobile_app(self):
        # Logic to integrate Razorpay API with mobile app
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to integrate with the mobile app
        print("Integrated Razorpay API with mobile app")
    
    def integrate_with_ecommerce_platform(self):
        # Logic to integrate Razorpay API with ecommerce platform
        # Implementation details omitted
        # Perform necessary operations to integrate with the ecommerce platform
        print("Integrated Razorpay API with ecommerce platform")

# Example usage:

# Payment Gateway
payment_gateway = RazorpayPaymentGateway()
payment_details = {
    "amount": 1000,
    "currency": "INR",
    "customer_email": "[email protected]"
}
payment_gateway.accept_payment(payment_details)

# Payment Links
payment_link_generator = RazorpayPaymentGateway()
amount = 500
currency = "USD"
customer_email = "[email protected]"
payment_link = payment_link_generator.generate_payment_link(amount, currency, customer_email)
print("Payment Link:", payment_link)

# Subscription Billing
subscription_manager = RazorpaySubscription()
customer_id = "customer_123"
plan_id = "plan_456"
start_date = "2023-07-01"
trial_days = 7
subscription_manager.create_subscription(customer_id, plan_id, start_date, trial_days)

# Smart Routing
smart_router = RazorpaySmartRouting()
transaction_details = {
    "amount": 2000,
    "currency": "INR",
    "success_rate": 0.85
}
smart_router.route_transaction(transaction_details)

# Payment Reconciliation
payment_reconciler = RazorpayPaymentReconciliation()
start_date = "2023-06-01"
end_date = "2023-06-30"
payment_reconciler.generate_transaction_report(start_date, end_date)

# Developer-friendly APIs
razorpay_api = RazorpayAPI()
razorpay_api.integrate_with_website()
razorpay_api.integrate_with_mobile_app()
razorpay_api.integrate_with_ecommerce_platform()

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

razorpay = Razorpay()  # Assuming the Razorpay class is already defined

@app.route("/users", methods=["POST"])
def register_user():
    data = request.get_json()
    user_id = data["user_id"]
    username = data["username"]
    password = data["password"]
    user = User(user_id, username, password)
    razorpay.add_user(user)
    return jsonify({"message": "User registered successfully"}), 200

@app.route("/login", methods=["POST"])
def authenticate_user():
    data = request.get_json()
    username = data["username"]
    password = data["password"]
    user = razorpay.authenticate_user(username, password)
    if user:
        return jsonify({"message": "Authentication successful"}), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "Authentication failed"}), 401

@app.route("/users/<user_id>/transactions", methods=["POST"])
def create_transaction(user_id):
    data = request.get_json()
    amount = data["amount"]
    currency = data["currency"]
    razorpay.create_transaction(user_id, amount, currency)
    return jsonify({"message": "Transaction created successfully"}), 200

@app.route("/users/<user_id>/transactions", methods=["GET"])
def get_transaction_history(user_id):
    transaction_history = razorpay.get_transaction_history(user_id)
    return jsonify(transaction_history), 200

@app.route("/users/<user_id>", methods=["GET"])
def get_user(user_id):
    user = razorpay.get_user_by_id(user_id)
    if user:
        return jsonify(user.__dict__), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "User not found"}), 404

@app.route("/users/<user_id>/transactions/<transaction_id>", methods=["GET"])
def get_transaction(user_id, transaction_id):
    transaction = razorpay.get_transaction(user_id, transaction_id)
    if transaction:
        return jsonify(transaction.__dict__), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "Transaction not found"}), 404

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

# Data Storage
users = {}
songs = {}
playlists = {}
likes = {}
comments = {}

# User Class
class User:
    def __init__(self, user_id, username, password, email):
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        self.email = email
        self.playlists = []

# Song Class
class Song:
    def __init__(self, song_id, title, artist, album, duration):
        self.song_id = song_id
        self.title = title
        self.artist = artist
        self.album = album
        self.duration = duration
        self.likes = []
        self.comments = []

# Playlist Class
class Playlist:
    def __init__(self, playlist_id, title):
        self.playlist_id = playlist_id
        self.title = title
        self.songs = []

# User Management API - Create a new user account
@app.route('/users', methods=['POST'])
def create_user():
    data = request.get_json()
    user_id = len(users) + 1
    username = data.get('username')
    password = data.get('password')
    email = data.get('email')
    user = User(user_id, username, password, email)
    users[user_id] = user
    return jsonify(message="User created successfully"), 201

# Song Management API - Add a new song to the music library
@app.route('/songs', methods=['POST'])
def add_song():
    data = request.get_json()
    song_id = len(songs) + 1
    title = data.get('title')
    artist = data.get('artist')
    album = data.get('album')
    duration = data.get('duration')
    song = Song(song_id, title, artist, album, duration)
    songs[song_id] = song
    return jsonify(message="Song added successfully"), 201

# Playlist Management API - Create a new playlist for a specific user
@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>/playlists', methods=['POST'])
def create_playlist(user_id):
    data = request.get_json()
    playlist_id = len(playlists) + 1
    title = data.get('title')
    playlist = Playlist(playlist_id, title)
    user = users.get(user_id)
    if user:
        user.playlists.append(playlist)
        playlists[playlist_id] = playlist
        return jsonify(message="Playlist created successfully"), 201
    else:
        return jsonify(message="User not found"), 404

# Like API - Like a specific song for a user
@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>/likes', methods=['POST'])
def like_song(user_id):
    data = request.get_json()
    song_id = data.get('song_id')
    user = users.get(user_id)
    song = songs.get(song_id)
    if user and song:
        song.likes.append(user)
        likes[(user_id, song_id)] = True
        return jsonify(message="Song liked successfully"), 200
    else:
        return jsonify(message="User or song not found"), 404

# Comment API - Add a comment on a specific song for a user
@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>/comments', methods=['POST'])
def add_comment(user_id):
    data = request.get_json()
    song_id = data.get('song_id')
    text = data.get('text')
    user = users.get(user_id)
    song = songs.get(song_id)
    if user and song:
        comment_id = len(song.comments) + 1
        comment = {
            'comment_id': comment_id,
            'user_id': user_id,
            'song_id': song_id,
            'text': text
        }
        song.comments.append(comment)
        comments[comment_id] = comment
        return jsonify(message="Comment added successfully"), 200
    else:
        return jsonify(message="User or song not found"), 404

# Search API - Search for songs or albums based on a given query
@app.route('/search', methods=['GET'])
def search():
    query = request.args.get('q')
    search_results = []
    for song in songs.values():
        if query.lower() in song.title.lower() or query.lower() in song.album.lower() or query.lower() in song.artist.lower():
            search_results.append(song)
    return jsonify(songs=search_results)

# Playlist API - Get details of a specific playlist for a user
@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>/playlists/<int:playlist_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_playlist(user_id, playlist_id):
    user = users.get(user_id)
    playlist = playlists.get(playlist_id)
    if user and playlist in user.playlists:
        return jsonify(playlist=playlist.__dict__), 200
    else:
        return jsonify(message="User or playlist not found"), 404

# User Feed API - Get the user's personalized feed with recommended songs and playlists
@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>/feed', methods=['GET'])
def get_feed(user_id):
    user = users.get(user_id)
    if user:
        feed = []
        for playlist in user.playlists:
            feed.extend(playlist.songs)
        return jsonify(feed=feed), 200
    else:
        return jsonify(message="User not found"), 404

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

# Data Storage
users = {}
songs = {}
playlists = {}
likes = {}
comments = {}

# User Class
class User:
    def __init__(self, user_id, username, password, email):
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        self.email = email
        self.playlists = []

# Song Class
class Song:
    def __init__(self, song_id, title, artist, album, duration):
        self.song_id = song_id
        self.title = title
        self.artist = artist
        self.album = album
        self.duration = duration
        self.likes = []
        self.comments = []

# Playlist Class
class Playlist:
    def __init__(self, playlist_id, title):
        self.playlist_id = playlist_id
        self.title = title
        self.songs = []

# User Management API - Create a new user account
@app.route('/users', methods=['POST'])
def create_user():
    data = request.get_json()
    user_id = len(users) + 1
    username = data.get('username')
    password = data.get('password')
    email = data.get('email')
    user = User(user_id, username, password, email)
    users[user_id] = user
    return jsonify(message="User created successfully"), 201

# Song Management API - Add a new song to the music library
@app.route('/songs', methods=['POST'])
def add_song():
    data = request.get_json()
    song_id = len(songs) + 1
    title = data.get('title')
    artist = data.get('artist')
    album = data.get('album')
    duration = data.get('duration')
    song = Song(song_id, title, artist, album, duration)
    songs[song_id] = song
    return jsonify(message="Song added successfully"), 201

# Playlist Management API - Create a new playlist for a specific user
@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>/playlists', methods=['POST'])
def create_playlist(user_id):
    data = request.get_json()
    playlist_id = len(playlists) + 1
    title = data.get('title')
    playlist = Playlist(playlist_id, title)
    user = users.get(user_id)
    if user:
        user.playlists.append(playlist)
        playlists[playlist_id] = playlist
        return jsonify(message="Playlist created successfully"), 201
    else:
        return jsonify(message="User not found"), 404

# Like API - Like a specific song for a user
@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>/likes', methods=['POST'])
def like_song(user_id):
    data = request.get_json()
    song_id = data.get('song_id')
    user = users.get(user_id)
    song = songs.get(song_id)
    if user and song:
        song.likes.append(user)
        likes[(user_id, song_id)] = True
        return jsonify(message="Song liked successfully"), 200
    else:
        return jsonify(message="User or song not found"), 404

# Comment API - Add a comment on a specific song for a user
@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>/comments', methods=['POST'])
def add_comment(user_id):
    data = request.get_json()
    song_id = data.get('song_id')
    text = data.get('text')
    user = users.get(user_id)
    song = songs.get(song_id)
    if user and song:
        comment_id = len(song.comments) + 1
        comment = {
            'comment_id': comment_id,
            'user_id': user_id,
            'song_id': song_id,
            'text': text
        }
        song.comments.append(comment)
        comments[comment_id] = comment
        return jsonify(message="Comment added successfully"), 200
    else:
        return jsonify(message="User or song not found"), 404

# Search API - Search for songs or albums based on a given query
@app.route('/search', methods=['GET'])
def search():
    query = request.args.get('q')
    search_results = []
    for song in songs.values():
        if query.lower() in song.title.lower() or query.lower() in song.album.lower() or query.lower() in song.artist.lower():
            search_results.append(song.__dict__)
    return jsonify(songs=search_results)

# Playlist API - Get details of a specific playlist for a user
@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>/playlists/<int:playlist_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_playlist(user_id, playlist_id):
    user = users.get(user_id)
    playlist = playlists.get(playlist_id)
    if user and playlist in user.playlists:
        return jsonify(playlist=playlist.__dict__), 200
    else:
        return jsonify(message="User or playlist not found"), 404

# User Feed API - Get the user's personalized feed with recommended songs and playlists
@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>/feed', methods=['GET'])
def get_feed(user_id):
    user = users.get(user_id)
    if user:
        feed = []
        for playlist in user.playlists:
            feed.extend(playlist.songs)
        return jsonify(feed=feed), 200
    else:
        return jsonify(message="Usernot found"), 404

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

from flask import Flask, jsonify, request

app = Flask(__name__)

# Sample data
users = {
    "user1": {"username": "John", "email": "[email protected]"},
    "user2": {"username": "Alice", "email": "[email protected]"}
}

matches = {
    "match1": {"team1": "Team A", "team2": "Team B", "venue": "Stadium X"},
    "match2": {"team1": "Team C", "team2": "Team D", "venue": "Stadium Y"}
}

# User API endpoints
@app.route("/users/<user_id>", methods=["GET"])
def get_user(user_id):
    if user_id in users:
        user = users[user_id]
        return jsonify(user), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "User not found"}), 404

@app.route("/users", methods=["POST"])
def create_user():
    data = request.get_json()
    user_id = data.get("user_id")
    username = data.get("username")
    email = data.get("email")
    user = {"username": username, "email": email}
    users[user_id] = user
    return jsonify({"message": "User created successfully"}), 201

# Match API endpoints
@app.route("/matches/<match_id>", methods=["GET"])
def get_match(match_id):
    if match_id in matches:
        match = matches[match_id]
        return jsonify(match), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "Match not found"}), 404

# Live Streaming Service
@app.route("/matches/<match_id>/stream", methods=["GET"])
def live_stream(match_id):
    if match_id in matches:
        # Code for live streaming logic
        return jsonify({"message": "Live streaming for match {} is available".format(match_id)}), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "Match not found"}), 404

# Match Highlights Service
@app.route("/matches/<match_id>/highlights", methods=["GET"])
def match_highlights(match_id):
    if match_id in matches:
        # Code for retrieving match highlights
        return jsonify({"message": "Match highlights for match {} are available".format(match_id)}), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "Match not found"}), 404

# Player Statistics Service
@app.route("/matches/<match_id>/players/<player_id>/stats", methods=["GET"])
def player_stats(match_id, player_id):
    if match_id in matches:
        # Code for retrieving player statistics
        return jsonify({"message": "Player statistics for player {} in match {} are available".format(player_id, match_id)}), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "Match not found"}), 404

# Commentary and Analysis Service
@app.route("/matches/<match_id>/commentary", methods=["GET"])
def commentary(match_id):
    if match_id in matches:
        # Code for retrieving live commentary and analysis
        return jsonify({"message": "Commentary and analysis for match {} are available".format(match_id)}), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "Match not found"}), 404

# Social Interaction Service
@app.route("/matches/<match_id>/interactions", methods=["POST"])
def social_interaction(match_id):
    if match_id in matches:
        data = request.get_json()
        interaction_type = data.get("type")
        # Code for handling different types of social interactions (chat forums, polls, social media integration)
        return jsonify({"message": "Social interaction ({}) for match {} has been recorded".format(interaction_type, match_id)}), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "Match not found"}), 404

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()

class User:
    def __init__(self, user_id, username, password):
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        # Other user attributes

class Match:
    def __init__(self, match_id, team1, team2, venue, date, status):
        self.match_id = match_id
        self.team1 = team1
        self.team2 = team2
        self.venue = venue
        self.date = date
        self.status = status
        # Other match attributes

class Video:
    def __init__(self, video_id, match_id, video_url, caption, timestamp):
        self.video_id = video_id
        self.match_id = match_id
        self.video_url = video_url
        self.caption = caption
        self.timestamp = timestamp
        # Other video attributes

class Like:
    def __init__(self, like_id, user_id, video_id, timestamp):
        self.like_id = like_id
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.video_id = video_id
        self.timestamp = timestamp
        # Other like attributes

class Comment:
    def __init__(self, comment_id, user_id, video_id, caption_text, timestamp):
        self.comment_id = comment_id
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.video_id = video_id
        self.caption_text = caption_text
        self.timestamp = timestamp
        # Other comment attributes

from flask import Flask, jsonify, request
from datetime import datetime

app = Flask(__name__)

class User:
    def __init__(self, user_id, username, password):
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.username = username
        self.password = password

class Match:
    def __init__(self, match_id, team1, team2, venue, date, status):
        self.match_id = match_id
        self.team1 = team1
        self.team2 = team2
        self.venue = venue
        self.date = date
        self.status = status

class Video:
    def __init__(self, video_id, match_id, video_url, caption, timestamp):
        self.video_id = video_id
        self.match_id = match_id
        self.video_url = video_url
        self.caption = caption
        self.timestamp = timestamp

class Like:
    def __init__(self, like_id, user_id, video_id, timestamp):
        self.like_id = like_id
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.video_id = video_id
        self.timestamp = timestamp

class Comment:
    def __init__(self, comment_id, user_id, video_id, caption_text, timestamp):
        self.comment_id = comment_id
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.video_id = video_id
        self.caption_text = caption_text
        self.timestamp = timestamp

# Sample data
users = {
    "user1": User("user1", "John", "password1"),
    "user2": User("user2", "Alice", "password2")
}

matches = {
    "match1": Match("match1", "Team A", "Team B", "Stadium X", datetime.now(), "In Progress"),
    "match2": Match("match2", "Team C", "Team D", "Stadium Y", datetime.now(), "Upcoming")
}

videos = {
    "video1": Video("video1", "match1", "https://example.com/video1.mp4", "Great shot!", datetime.now()),
    "video2": Video("video2", "match2", "https://example.com/video2.mp4", "Amazing goal!", datetime.now())
}

likes = {
    "like1": Like("like1", "user1", "video1", datetime.now()),
    "like2": Like("like2", "user2", "video1", datetime.now())
}

comments = {
    "comment1": Comment("comment1", "user1", "video1", "Awesome!", datetime.now()),
    "comment2": Comment("comment2", "user2", "video1", "Well played!", datetime.now())
}

# User API endpoints
@app.route("/users/<user_id>", methods=["GET"])
def get_user(user_id):
    if user_id in users:
        user = users[user_id]
        return jsonify({"user_id": user.user_id, "username": user.username}), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "User not found"}), 404

@app.route("/users", methods=["POST"])
def create_user():
    data = request.json
    user_id = data["user_id"]
    username = data["username"]
    password = data["password"]
    user = User(user_id, username, password)
    users[user_id] = user
    return jsonify({"message": "User created successfully"}), 201

# Match API endpoints
@app.route("/matches/<match_id>", methods=["GET"])
def get_match(match_id):
    if match_id in matches:
        match = matches[match_id]
        return jsonify({"match_id": match.match_id, "team1": match.team1, "team2": match.team2}), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "Match not found"}), 404

# Video API endpoints
@app.route("/videos/<video_id>", methods=["GET"])
def get_video(video_id):
    if video_id in videos:
        video = videos[video_id]
        return jsonify({"video_id": video.video_id, "match_id": video.match_id, "caption": video.caption}), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "Video not found"}), 404

# Like API endpoints
@app.route("/likes/<like_id>", methods=["GET"])
def get_like(like_id):
    if like_id in likes:
        like = likes[like_id]
        return jsonify({"like_id": like.like_id, "user_id": like.user_id, "video_id": like.video_id}), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "Like not found"}), 404

# Comment API endpoints
@app.route("/comments/<comment_id>", methods=["GET"])
def get_comment(comment_id):
    if comment_id in comments:
        comment = comments[comment_id]
        return jsonify({"comment_id": comment.comment_id, "user_id": comment.user_id, "video_id": comment.video_id}), 200
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "Comment not found"}), 404

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()

from flask import Flask, jsonify, request

app = Flask(__name__)

# User Authentication API
@app.route('/api/auth/login', methods=['POST'])
def login():
    username = request.json.get('username')
    password = request.json.get('password')
    # Implement login logic here
    # Verify username and password, generate token/session
    return jsonify({'token': 'your_token_here'})

@app.route('/api/auth/register', methods=['POST'])
def register():
    username = request.json.get('username')
    password = request.json.get('password')
    email = request.json.get('email')
    # Implement registration logic here
    # Create new user, store credentials in the database
    return jsonify({'message': 'User registered successfully'})

# Match API
@app.route('/api/matches', methods=['GET'])
def get_matches():
    # Fetch matches from the database
    matches = [{'match_id': '1', 'team1': 'Team A', 'team2': 'Team B', 'start_time': '2023-07-10', 'end_time': '2023-07-12'}, 
               {'match_id': '2', 'team1': 'Team C', 'team2': 'Team D', 'start_time': '2023-07-13', 'end_time': '2023-07-15'}]
    return jsonify(matches)

@app.route('/api/matches/<match_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_match(match_id):
    # Fetch match details from the database based on match_id
    match = {'match_id': match_id, 'team1': 'Team A', 'team2': 'Team B', 'venue': 'Stadium X', 'date': '2023-07-10', 'status': 'Live'}
    return jsonify(match)

# Player API
@app.route('/api/players', methods=['GET'])
def get_players():
    # Fetch players from the database
    players = [{'player_id': '1', 'name': 'Player A', 'team': 'Team A', 'country': 'Country X'}, 
               {'player_id': '2', 'name': 'Player B', 'team': 'Team B', 'country': 'Country Y'}]
    return jsonify(players)

@app.route('/api/players/<player_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_player(player_id):
    # Fetch player details from the database based on player_id
    player = {'player_id': player_id, 'name': 'Player A', 'age': 28, 'batting_average': 45.75, 'bowling_average': 32.40}
    return jsonify(player)

# Streaming API
@app.route('/api/stream/<match_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_stream(match_id):
    # Fetch streaming URL or details from the streaming service based on match_id
    stream = {'stream_url': 'your_stream_url_here'}
    return jsonify(stream)

# Recommendation API
@app.route('/api/recommendations/<user_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_recommendations(user_id):
    # Fetch recommended matches or players for the user from the recommendation engine
    recommendations = [{'match_id': '1', 'team1': 'Team A', 'team2': 'Team B'}, 
                       {'match_id': '2', 'team1': 'Team C', 'team2': 'Team D'}]
    return jsonify(recommendations)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

@app.route('/api/live_stream/<int:match_id>', methods=['GET'])
def live_stream(match_id):
    # Retrieve live streaming URL or details based on match_id
    streaming_url = get_streaming_url(match_id)
    if streaming_url:
        return jsonify({'stream_url': streaming_url})
    else:
        return jsonify({'message': 'Live streaming not available for this match'})

@app.route('/api/match_highlights/<int:match_id>', methods=['GET'])
def match_highlights(match_id):
    # Retrieve curated match highlights based on match_id
    highlights = get_match_highlights(match_id)
    if highlights:
        return jsonify({'highlights': highlights})
    else:
        return jsonify({'message': 'No highlights available for this match'})

@app.route('/api/player_stats/<int:player_id>', methods=['GET'])
def player_stats(player_id):
    # Retrieve player statistics based on player_id
    stats = get_player_statistics(player_id)
    if stats:
        return jsonify({'player_stats': stats})
    else:
        return jsonify({'message': 'Player statistics not available'})

@app.route('/api/commentary/<int:match_id>', methods=['GET'])
def commentary(match_id):
    # Retrieve live commentary and analysis based on match_id
    commentary_data = get_commentary(match_id)
    if commentary_data:
        return jsonify({'commentary': commentary_data})
    else:
        return jsonify({'message': 'Commentary and analysis not available for this match'})

@app.route('/api/chat_forum', methods=['GET'])
def chat_forum():
    # Retrieve chat forum messages
    messages = get_chat_forum_messages()
    return jsonify({'messages': messages})

@app.route('/api/polls', methods=['GET'])
def polls():
    # Retrieve available polls
    polls_data = get_polls()
    return jsonify({'polls': polls_data})

@app.route('/api/social_media_integration', methods=['POST'])
def social_media_integration():
    # Handle social media integration logic
    # Process social media posts, comments, etc.
    return jsonify({'message': 'Social media integration successful'})

@app.route('/api/recommendations/<int:user_id>', methods=['GET'])
def recommendations(user_id):
    # Retrieve personalized recommendations for the user based on user_id
    recommendations = get_personalized_recommendations(user_id)
    return jsonify({'recommendations': recommendations})

# User Management Service
class UserManagementService:
    def register_user(self, username, email, password):
        # Logic for user registration
        user_id = generate_user_id()
        user = User(user_id, username, email, password)
        save_user_to_database(user)
        return user_id

    def authenticate_user(self, email, password):
        # Logic for user authentication
        user = get_user_by_email(email)
        if user is not None and user.password == password:
            return user.user_id
        return None

    def update_user_profile(self, user_id, username, email, password):
        # Logic for updating user profile
        user = get_user_by_id(user_id)
        if user is not None:
            user.username = username
            user.email = email
            user.password = password
            save_user_to_database(user)
            return True
        return False

# Product Management Service
class ProductManagementService:
    def create_product(self, seller_id, name, description, price, inventory):
        # Logic for creating a new product
        product_id = generate_product_id()
        product = Product(product_id, seller_id, name, description, price, inventory)
        save_product_to_database(product)
        return product_id

    def update_product(self, product_id, name, description, price, inventory):
        # Logic for updating product details
        product = get_product_by_id(product_id)
        if product is not None:
            product.name = name
            product.description = description
            product.price = price
            product.inventory = inventory
            save_product_to_database(product)
            return True
        return False

    def search_products(self, keyword):
        # Logic for searching products based on a keyword
        products = search_products_by_keyword(keyword)
        return products

# Order Management Service
class OrderManagementService:
    def place_order(self, user_id, product_id, quantity):
        # Logic for placing an order
        product = get_product_by_id(product_id)
        if product is not None and product.inventory >= quantity:
            order_id = generate_order_id()
            order = Order(order_id, user_id, product_id, quantity)
            save_order_to_database(order)
            reduce_product_inventory(product_id, quantity)
            return order_id
        return None

    def get_order_status(self, order_id):
        # Logic for getting the status of an order
        order = get_order_by_id(order_id)
        if order is not None:
            return order.status
        return None

# Review and Rating Service
class ReviewRatingService:
    def submit_review(self, user_id, product_id, rating, comment):
        # Logic for submitting a review
        review_id = generate_review_id()
        review = Review(review_id, user_id, product_id, rating, comment)
        save_review_to_database(review)
        return review_id

    def get_product_reviews(self, product_id):
        # Logic for retrieving reviews of a product
        reviews = get_reviews_by_product_id(product_id)
        return reviews

# Example usage of the services
user_service = UserManagementService()
product_service = ProductManagementService()
order_service = OrderManagementService()
review_service = ReviewRatingService()

# User Management Service
user_id = user_service.register_user("username", "[email protected]", "password")
authenticated_user_id = user_service.authenticate_user("[email protected]", "password")
user_service.update_user_profile(user_id, "new_username", "[email protected]", "new_password")

# Product Management Service
product_id = product_service.create_product(seller_id, "Product Name", "Product Description", 9.99, 100)
product_service.update_product(product_id, "New Product Name", "New Product Description", 19.99, 50)
search_results = product_service.search_products("keyword")

# Order Management Service
order_id = order_service.place_order(user_id, product_id, 2)
order_status = order_service.get_order_status(order_id)

# Review and Rating Service
review_id = review_service.submit_review(user_id, product_id, 4, "Great product!")
product_reviews = review_service.get_product_reviews(product_id)

class User:
    def __init__(self, user_id, username, password):
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        # other user attributes

class Product:
    def __init__(self, product_id, seller_id, name, price, inventory):
        self.product_id = product_id
        self.seller_id = seller_id
        self.name = name
        self.price = price
        self.inventory = inventory
        # other product attributes

class Alibaba:
    def __init__(self):
        self.users = {}
        self.products = []

    def add_user(self, user):
        self.users[user.user_id] = user

    def get_user_by_id(self, user_id):
        return self.users.get(user_id)

    def create_product(self, seller_id, name, price, inventory):
        product_id = len(self.products) + 1
        product = Product(product_id, seller_id, name, price, inventory)
        self.products.append(product)

    # Additional methods for searching, purchasing, and managing products

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)
alibaba = Alibaba()

@app.route("/users", methods=["POST"])
def create_user():
    data = request.get_json()
    user_id = len(alibaba.users) + 1
    user = User(user_id, data["username"], data["password"])
    alibaba.add_user(user)
    return {"message": "User created successfully"}, 201

@app.route("/products", methods=["POST"])
def create_product():
    data = request.get_json()
    seller_id = data["seller_id"]
    name = data["name"]
    price = data["price"]
    inventory = data["inventory"]
    alibaba.create_product(seller_id, name, price, inventory)
    return {"message": "Product created successfully"}, 201

@app.route("/products", methods=["GET"])
def search_products():
    query = request.args.get("query")
    category = request.args.get("category")
    # Perform product search based on query and category
    # Return the search results as a JSON response
    return {"results": search_results}

@app.route("/products/<int:product_id>/purchase", methods=["POST"])
def purchase_product(product_id):
    data = request.get_json()
    user_id = data["user_id"]
    quantity = data["quantity"]
    # Perform the purchase logic
    # Return the purchase status as a JSON response
    return {"message": "Purchase successful"}

# Import necessary libraries
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify

# Create Flask application
app = Flask(__name__)

# Define endpoint for product listing
@app.route('/products', methods=['GET'])
def get_product_list():
    # Retrieve query parameters
    category = request.args.get('category')
    min_price = request.args.get('min_price')
    max_price = request.args.get('max_price')

    # Perform filtering based on query parameters (simplified example)
    filtered_products = filter_products(category, min_price, max_price)

    # Prepare response data
    response = {
        'status': 'success',
        'data': filtered_products
    }

    # Return JSON response
    return jsonify(response), 200

# Helper function for filtering products (simplified example)
def filter_products(category, min_price, max_price):
    # Perform actual filtering based on provided parameters
    # (This function would typically interact with the database or data storage)

    # Placeholder example with static data
    products = [
        {'id': 1, 'name': 'Product 1', 'price': 100, 'category': 'Electronics'},
        {'id': 2, 'name': 'Product 2', 'price': 50, 'category': 'Clothing'},
        {'id': 3, 'name': 'Product 3', 'price': 200, 'category': 'Electronics'},
        {'id': 4, 'name': 'Product 4', 'price': 150, 'category': 'Home'},
    ]

    filtered_products = []
    for product in products:
        if (not category or product['category'] == category) and \
                (not min_price or product['price'] >= int(min_price)) and \
                (not max_price or product['price'] <= int(max_price)):
            filtered_products.append(product)

    return filtered_products

# Run the Flask application
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

from flask import Flask
from flask_restful import Api, Resource, reqparse

app = Flask(__name__)
api = Api(app)

# Define request parser for validation
product_parser = reqparse.RequestParser()
product_parser.add_argument('category', type=str)
product_parser.add_argument('min_price', type=float)
product_parser.add_argument('max_price', type=float)

# Define the ProductList resource
class ProductList(Resource):
    def get(self):
        # Parse and validate the request arguments
        args = product_parser.parse_args()

        # Perform filtering based on request arguments (simplified example)
        filtered_products = filter_products(args['category'], args['min_price'], args['max_price'])

        # Prepare response data
        response = {
            'status': 'success',
            'data': filtered_products
        }

        return response, 200

# Helper function for filtering products (simplified example)
def filter_products(category, min_price, max_price):
    # Perform actual filtering based on provided parameters
    # (This function would typically interact with the database or data storage)

    # Placeholder example with static data
    products = [
        {'id': 1, 'name': 'Product 1', 'price': 100, 'category': 'Electronics'},
        {'id': 2, 'name': 'Product 2', 'price': 50, 'category': 'Clothing'},
        {'id': 3, 'name': 'Product 3', 'price': 200, 'category': 'Electronics'},
        {'id': 4, 'name': 'Product 4', 'price': 150, 'category': 'Home'},
    ]

    filtered_products = []
    for product in products:
        if (not category or product['category'] == category) and \
                (not min_price or product['price'] >= min_price) and \
                (not max_price or product['price'] <= max_price):
            filtered_products.append(product)

    return filtered_products

# Add the ProductList resource to the API with its corresponding URL
api.add_resource(ProductList, '/products')

# Run the Flask application
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

class EcommercePlatform:
    def __init__(self):
        self.products = []

    def add_product(self, product):
        self.products.append(product)

    def remove_product(self, product):
        self.products.remove(product)

    def get_products(self):
        return self.products

# Usage example:
platform = EcommercePlatform()
platform.add_product("Product 1")
platform.add_product("Product 2")
print(platform.get_products())
platform.remove_product("Product 1")
print(platform.get_products())

class PaymentSystem:
    def __init__(self):
        self.balance = 0

    def deposit(self, amount):
        self.balance += amount

    def withdraw(self, amount):
        if self.balance >= amount:
            self.balance -= amount
        else:
            print("Insufficient balance")

    def get_balance(self):
        return self.balance

# Usage example:
payment_system = PaymentSystem()
payment_system.deposit(1000)
payment_system.withdraw(500)
print(payment_system.get_balance())

class LogisticsManager:
    def __init__(self):
        self.packages = []

    def add_package(self, package):
        self.packages.append(package)

    def remove_package(self, package):
        self.packages.remove(package)

    def get_packages(self):
        return self.packages

# Usage example:
logistics_manager = LogisticsManager()
logistics_manager.add_package("Package 1")
logistics_manager.add_package("Package 2")
print(logistics_manager.get_packages())
logistics_manager.remove_package("Package 1")
print(logistics_manager.get_packages())

class CloudComputing:
    def __init__(self):
        self.storage = []
        self.networking = []
        self.data_analytics = []

    def add_storage(self, storage):
        self.storage.append(storage)

    def add_networking(self, networking):
        self.networking.append(networking)

    def add_data_analytics(self, data_analytics):
        self.data_analytics.append(data_analytics)

    def get_storage(self):
        return self.storage

    def get_networking(self):
        return self.networking

    def get_data_analytics(self):
        return self.data_analytics

# Usage example:
cloud_computing = CloudComputing()
cloud_computing.add_storage("Storage 1")
cloud_computing.add_networking("Networking 1")
cloud_computing.add_data_analytics("Data Analytics 1")
print(cloud_computing.get_storage())
print(cloud_computing.get_networking())
print(cloud_computing.get_data_analytics())

class ArtificialIntelligence:
    def __init__(self):
        self.recommendations = []
        self.image_recognition = []
        self.nlp = []

    def add_recommendation(self, recommendation):
        self.recommendations.append(recommendation)

    def add_image_recognition(self, image_recognition):
        self.image_recognition.append(image_recognition)

    def add_nlp(self, nlp):
        self.nlp.append(nlp)

    def get_recommendations(self):
        return self.recommendations

    def get_image_recognition(self):
        return self.image_recognition

    def get_nlp(self):
        return self.nlp

# Usage example:
ai = ArtificialIntelligence()
ai.add_recommendation("Recommendation 1")
ai.add_image_recognition("Image Recognition 1")
ai.add_nlp("Natural Language Processing 1")
print(ai.get_recommendations())
print(ai.get_image_recognition())
print(ai.get_nlp())

class CrossBorderTrade:
    def __init__(self):
        self.buyers = []
        self.suppliers = []

    def add_buyer(self, buyer):
        self.buyers.append(buyer)

    def add_supplier(self, supplier):
        self.suppliers.append(supplier)

    def get_buyers(self):
        return self.buyers

    def get_suppliers(self):
        return self.suppliers

# Usage example:
cross_border_trade = CrossBorderTrade()
cross_border_trade.add_buyer("Buyer 1")
cross_border_trade.add_buyer("Buyer 2")
cross_border_trade.add_supplier("Supplier 1")
print(cross_border_trade.get_buyers())
print(cross_border_trade.get_suppliers())

from datetime import datetime

# User service
class UserService:
    def __init__(self):
        self.users = []

    def register_user(self, username, email, password):
        user = {
            'username': username,
            'email': email,
            'password': password
        }
        self.users.append(user)

    def get_user_by_username(self, username):
        for user in self.users:
            if user['username'] == username:
                return user
        return None

# Post service
class PostService:
    def __init__(self):
        self.posts = []
        self.post_id = 1

    def create_post(self, user_id, content):
        post = {
            'post_id': self.post_id,
            'user_id': user_id,
            'content': content,
            'timestamp': datetime.now()
        }
        self.posts.append(post)
        self.post_id += 1
        return post

    def get_post_by_id(self, post_id):
        for post in self.posts:
            if post['post_id'] == post_id:
                return post
        return None

# Like service
class LikeService:
    def __init__(self):
        self.likes = []
        self.like_id = 1

    def add_like(self, user_id, post_id):
        like = {
            'like_id': self.like_id,
            'user_id': user_id,
            'post_id': post_id,
            'timestamp': datetime.now()
        }
        self.likes.append(like)
        self.like_id += 1

    def get_likes_for_post(self, post_id):
        return [like for like in self.likes if like['post_id'] == post_id]

# Comment service
class CommentService:
    def __init__(self):
        self.comments = []
        self.comment_id = 1

    def add_comment(self, user_id, post_id, caption_text):
        comment = {
            'comment_id': self.comment_id,
            'user_id': user_id,
            'post_id': post_id,
            'caption_text': caption_text,
            'timestamp': datetime.now()
        }
        self.comments.append(comment)
        self.comment_id += 1

    def get_comments_for_post(self, post_id):
        return [comment for comment in self.comments if comment['post_id'] == post_id]

# Follow service
class FollowService:
    def __init__(self):
        self.follows = []

    def add_follow(self, user_id1, user_id2):
        follow = {
            'user_id1': user_id1,
            'user_id2': user_id2
        }
        self.follows.append(follow)

    def get_followers_for_user(self, user_id):
        return [follow['user_id1'] for follow in self.follows if follow['user_id2'] == user_id]

    def get_following_for_user(self, user_id):
        return [follow['user_id2'] for follow in self.follows if follow['user_id1'] == user_id]

# Usage example
user_service = UserService()
post_service = PostService()
like_service = LikeService()
comment_service = CommentService()
follow_service = FollowService()

# Register users
user_service.register_user('user1', '[email protected]', 'password1')
user_service.register_user('user2', '[email protected]', 'password2')

# Create posts
post1 = post_service.create_post(1, 'This is my first post!')
post2 = post_service.create_post(2, 'Hello world!')

# Add likes
like_service.add_like(1, 1)
like_service.add_like(2, 1)

# Add comments
comment_service.add_comment(1, 1, 'Great post!')
comment_service.add_comment(2, 1, 'Nice!')

# Add follows
follow_service.add_follow(1, 2)

# Retrieve user-specific data
user1 = user_service.get_user_by_username('user1')
user2 = user_service.get_user_by_username('user2')
post1_likes = like_service.get_likes_for_post(1)
post1_comments = comment_service.get_comments_for_post(1)
user1_followers = follow_service.get_followers_for_user(1)
user1_following = follow_service.get_following_for_user(1)

print("User 1:", user1)
print("User 2:", user2)
print("Likes for Post 1:", post1_likes)
print("Comments for Post 1:", post1_comments)
print("User 1's followers:", user1_followers)
print("User 1's following:", user1_following)

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)

class User:
    def __init__(self, user_id, username, password):
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        # other user attributes

class Newsletter:
    def __init__(self, newsletter_id, author, title):
        self.newsletter_id = newsletter_id
        self.author = author
        self.title = title
        # other newsletter attributes

class Substack:
    def __init__(self):
        self.users = []
        self.newsletters = []

    def add_user(self, user):
        self.users.append(user)

    def add_newsletter(self, newsletter):
        self.newsletters.append(newsletter)

substack = Substack()

@app.route('/users', methods=['POST'])
def register_user():
    data = request.get_json()
    user_id = len(substack.users) + 1
    user = User(user_id, data['username'], data['password'])
    substack.add_user(user)
    return {
        'user_id': user.user_id,
        'message': 'User registered successfully'
    }

@app.route('/newsletters', methods=['POST'])
def create_newsletter():
    data = request.get_json()
    newsletter_id = len(substack.newsletters) + 1
    newsletter = Newsletter(newsletter_id, data['author'], data['title'])
    substack.add_newsletter(newsletter)
    return {
        'newsletter_id': newsletter.newsletter_id,
        'message': 'Newsletter created successfully'
    }

@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_user(user_id):
    for user in substack.users:
        if user.user_id == user_id:
            return {
                'user_id': user.user_id,
                'username': user.username,
                'password': user.password
            }
    return 'User not found', 404

@app.route('/newsletters/<int:newsletter_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_newsletter(newsletter_id):
    for newsletter in substack.newsletters:
        if newsletter.newsletter_id == newsletter_id:
            return {
                'newsletter_id': newsletter.newsletter_id,
                'author': newsletter.author,
                'title': newsletter.title
            }
    return 'Newsletter not found', 404

@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>/subscribe/<int:newsletter_id>', methods=['POST'])
def subscribe_to_newsletter(user_id, newsletter_id):
    user = None
    newsletter = None

    for u in substack.users:
        if u.user_id == user_id:
            user = u
            break

    for n in substack.newsletters:
        if n.newsletter_id == newsletter_id:
            newsletter = n
            break

    if user and newsletter:
        # Perform subscription logic
        return 'User subscribed to the newsletter'
    else:
        return 'User or newsletter not found', 404

@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>/unsubscribe/<int:newsletter_id>', methods=['POST'])
def unsubscribe_from_newsletter(user_id, newsletter_id):
    user = None
    newsletter = None

    for u in substack.users:
        if u.user_id == user_id:
            user = u
            break

    for n in substack.newsletters:
        if n.newsletter_id == newsletter_id:
            newsletter = n
            break

    if user and newsletter:
        # Perform unsubscription logic
        return 'User unsubscribed from the newsletter'
    else:
        return 'User or newsletter not found', 404

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/api/register', methods=['POST'])
def register_user():
    # Handle user registration logic
    username = request.json['username']
    email = request.json['email']
    password = request.json['password']
    # Perform registration process
    # Return success response or appropriate error message

@app.route('/api/login', methods=['POST'])
def login_user():
    # Handle user login logic
    username = request.json['username']
    password = request.json['password']
    # Perform login process
    # Return success response or appropriate error message

@app.route('/api/user/profile', methods=['GET'])
def get_user_profile():
    # Handle fetching user profile logic
    user_id = request.args.get('user_id')
    # Retrieve user profile information from the database
    # Return user profile data or appropriate error message

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/api/newsletter', methods=['POST'])
def create_newsletter():
    # Handle creating a new newsletter
    author_id = request.json['author_id']
    title = request.json['title']
    content = request.json['content']
    # Perform newsletter creation process
    # Return success response or appropriate error message

@app.route('/api/newsletter/<newsletter_id>', methods=['PUT'])
def edit_newsletter(newsletter_id):
    # Handle editing an existing newsletter
    title = request.json['title']
    content = request.json['content']
    # Perform newsletter editing process
    # Return success response or appropriate error message

@app.route('/api/newsletter/<newsletter_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_newsletter(newsletter_id):
    # Handle fetching a specific newsletter
    # Retrieve newsletter data from the database
    # Return newsletter data or appropriate error message

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

from flask import Flask, request
from low_level_api import register_user, login_user, get_user_profile, create_newsletter, edit_newsletter, get_newsletter

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/api/user/register', methods=['POST'])
def high_level_register_user():
    return register_user(request.json)

@app.route('/api/user/login', methods=['POST'])
def high_level_login_user():
    return login_user(request.json)

@app.route('/api/user/profile', methods=['GET'])
def high_level_get_user_profile():
    user_id = request.args.get('user_id')
    return get_user_profile(user_id)

@app.route('/api/newsletter', methods=['POST'])
def high_level_create_newsletter():
    return create_newsletter(request.json)

@app.route('/api/newsletter/<newsletter_id>', methods=['PUT'])
def high_level_edit_newsletter(newsletter_id):
    return edit_newsletter(newsletter_id, request.json)

@app.route('/api/newsletter/<newsletter_id>', methods=['GET'])
def high_level_get_newsletter(newsletter_id):
    return get_newsletter(newsletter_id)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

class User:
    def __init__(self, username, email, password):
        self.username = username
        self.email = email
        self.password = password

class Substack:
    def __init__(self):
        self.users = []

    def register_user(self, username, email, password):
        user = User(username, email, password)
        self.users.append(user)

    def authenticate_user(self, username, password):
        for user in self.users:
            if user.username == username and user.password == password:
                return True
        return False

substack = Substack()
substack.register_user("john_doe", "[email protected]", "password123")
authenticated = substack.authenticate_user("john_doe", "password123")
print("Authentication successful:", authenticated)

class Newsletter:
    def __init__(self, author, title, content):
        self.author = author
        self.title = title
        self.content = content

class Substack:
    def __init__(self):
        self.newsletters = []

    def create_newsletter(self, author, title, content):
        newsletter = Newsletter(author, title, content)
        self.newsletters.append(newsletter)

    def publish_newsletter(self, newsletter):
        print("Publishing Newsletter")
        print("Author:", newsletter.author)
        print("Title:", newsletter.title)
        print("Content:", newsletter.content)

substack = Substack()
substack.create_newsletter("John Doe", "Weekly Digest", "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...")
newsletter = substack.newsletters[0]
substack.publish_newsletter(newsletter)

class User:
    def __init__(self, username):
        self.username = username
        self.subscriptions = []

    def subscribe_to_newsletter(self, newsletter):
        self.subscriptions.append(newsletter)

    def unsubscribe_from_newsletter(self, newsletter):
        self.subscriptions.remove(newsletter)

class Substack:
    def __init__(self):
        self.users = []
        self.newsletters = []

    def create_newsletter(self, author, title, content):
        newsletter = Newsletter(author, title, content)
        self.newsletters.append(newsletter)

    def subscribe_user_to_newsletter(self, username, newsletter_title):
        user = self.get_user(username)
        newsletter = self.get_newsletter(newsletter_title)
        if user and newsletter:
            user.subscribe_to_newsletter(newsletter)

    def unsubscribe_user_from_newsletter(self, username, newsletter_title):
        user = self.get_user(username)
        newsletter = self.get_newsletter(newsletter_title)
        if user and newsletter:
            user.unsubscribe_from_newsletter(newsletter)

    def get_user(self, username):
        for user in self.users:
            if user.username == username:
                return user
        return None

    def get_newsletter(self, title):
        for newsletter in self.newsletters:
            if newsletter.title == title:
                return newsletter
        return None

class User:
    def __init__(self, username):
        self.username = username
        self.subscriptions = []
        self.paid_subscriptions = []

    def subscribe_to_newsletter(self, newsletter):
        self.subscriptions.append(newsletter)

    def purchase_paid_subscription(self, newsletter):
        self.paid_subscriptions.append(newsletter)

class Substack:
    def __init__(self):
        self.users = []
        self.newsletters = []

    def create_newsletter(self, author, title, content):
        newsletter = Newsletter(author, title, content)
        self.newsletters.append(newsletter)

    def subscribe_user_to_newsletter(self, username, newsletter_title):
        user = self.get_user(username)
        newsletter = self.get_newsletter(newsletter_title)
        if user and newsletter:
            user.subscribe_to_newsletter(newsletter)

    def purchase_subscription(self, username, newsletter_title):
        user = self.get_user(username)
        newsletter = self.get_newsletter(newsletter_title)
        if user and newsletter:
            user.purchase_paid_subscription(newsletter)

    def get_user(self, username):
        for user in self.users:
            if user.username == username:
                return user
        return None

    def get_newsletter(self, title):
        for newsletter in self.newsletters:
            if newsletter.title == title:
                return newsletter
        return None

class Comment:
    def __init__(self, user, content):
        self.user = user
        self.content = content

class Newsletter:
    def __init__(self, author, title, content):
        self.author = author
        self.title = title
        self.content = content
        self.comments = []

    def add_comment(self, user, content):
        comment = Comment(user, content)
        self.comments.append(comment)

class Substack:
    def __init__(self):
        self.newsletters = []

    def create_newsletter(self, author, title, content):
        newsletter = Newsletter(author, title, content)
        self.newsletters.append(newsletter)

    def add_comment_to_newsletter(self, newsletter_title, user, content):
        newsletter = self.get_newsletter(newsletter_title)
        if newsletter:
            newsletter.add_comment(user, content)

    def get_newsletter(self, title):
        for newsletter in self.newsletters:
            if newsletter.title == title:
                return newsletter
        return None

substack = Substack()

class Newsletter:
    def __init__(self, author, title, content):
        self.author = author
        self.title = title
        self.content = content
        self.subscribers = []

    def add_subscriber(self, user):
        self.subscribers.append(user)

    def get_subscriber_count(self):
        return len(self.subscribers)

class Substack:
    def __init__(self):
        self.newsletters = []

    def create_newsletter(self, author, title, content):
        newsletter = Newsletter(author, title, content)
        self.newsletters.append(newsletter)

    def subscribe_user_to_newsletter(self, newsletter_title, user):
        newsletter = self.get_newsletter(newsletter_title)
        if newsletter:
            newsletter.add_subscriber(user)

    def get_newsletter(self, title):
        for newsletter in self.newsletters:
            if newsletter.title == title:
                return newsletter
        return None

substack = Substack()

class InstantMessenger:
    def __init__(self):
        self.users = {}
        self.messages = []

    def send_message(self, sender_id, receiver_id, content):
        # Check if both sender and receiver exist
        if sender_id not in self.users or receiver_id not in self.users:
            return "Invalid sender or receiver"

        # Create a new message and add it to the messages list
        message = {
            "sender_id": sender_id,
            "receiver_id": receiver_id,
            "content": content
        }
        self.messages.append(message)
        return "Message sent successfully"

    def add_user(self, user_id, username):
        # Add a new user to the system
        self.users[user_id] = {"user_id": user_id, "username": username}

    def get_user_messages(self, user_id):
        # Retrieve all messages for a given user
        user_messages = [message for message in self.messages if message['sender_id'] == user_id or message['receiver_id'] == user_id]
        return user_messages


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Create an instance of the InstantMessenger
    im = InstantMessenger()

    # Add users to the system
    for user_id in range(1, 300001):  # Assuming user IDs start from 1 and go up to 300,000
        im.add_user(user_id, f"user_{user_id}")

    # Simulate message sending for a day
    for _ in range(10):  # Assume 10 iterations for 10 days
        for user_id in range(1, 300001):
            # Simulate sending 10 messages by each user
            for i in range(10):
                receiver_id = user_id + 1 if user_id < 300000 else 1  # Loop around users for simplicity
                message_content = f"Hello from user_{user_id}, message {i+1}"
                im.send_message(user_id, receiver_id, message_content)

    # Retrieve messages for a specific user (e.g., user with ID 1)
    user1_messages = im.get_user_messages(1)
    for message in user1_messages:
        print(f"From: user_{message['sender_id']} To: user_{message['receiver_id']} Content: {message['content']}")

class InstantMessenger:
    def __init__(self):
        self.users = {}
        self.messages = []
        self.contacts = {}
        self.groups = {}
        self.feed = {}

    # User Service
    def register_user(self, username, email, password):
        user_id = len(self.users) + 1
        user = {
            "user_id": user_id,
            "username": username,
            "email": email,
            "password": password
        }
        self.users[user_id] = user
        return user

    def login_user(self, username, password):
        for user in self.users.values():
            if user['username'] == username and user['password'] == password:
                return user
        return None

    def get_user_profile(self, user_id):
        return self.users.get(user_id, None)

    # Message Service
    def send_message(self, sender_id, receiver_id, content):
        message_id = len(self.messages) + 1
        message = {
            "message_id": message_id,
            "sender_id": sender_id,
            "receiver_id": receiver_id,
            "content": content
        }
        self.messages.append(message)
        self._notify_receiver(receiver_id, message)
        return message

    def _notify_receiver(self, receiver_id, message):
        # Simulating push notifications
        print(f"Notification: You have a new message from {message['sender_id']}")

    def get_user_messages(self, user_id):
        user_messages = [message for message in self.messages if message['sender_id'] == user_id or message['receiver_id'] == user_id]
        return user_messages

    # Contact Service
    def add_contact(self, user_id, contact_id):
        if user_id not in self.contacts:
            self.contacts[user_id] = set()
        self.contacts[user_id].add(contact_id)

    def remove_contact(self, user_id, contact_id):
        if user_id in self.contacts:
            self.contacts[user_id].discard(contact_id)

    # Group Service
    def create_group(self, group_name, user_ids):
        group_id = len(self.groups) + 1
        group = {
            "group_id": group_id,
            "group_name": group_name,
            "members": user_ids
        }
        self.groups[group_id] = group
        return group

    def add_member_to_group(self, group_id, user_id):
        if group_id in self.groups:
            self.groups[group_id]["members"].append(user_id)

    def remove_member_from_group(self, group_id, user_id):
        if group_id in self.groups:
            self.groups[group_id]["members"].remove(user_id)

    # Feed Generation Service
    def generate_feed(self, user_id):
        user_contacts = self.contacts.get(user_id, set())
        user_groups = [group for group in self.groups.values() if user_id in group["members"]]
        feed = self.get_user_messages(user_id)
        for contact_id in user_contacts:
            feed.extend(self.get_user_messages(contact_id))
        for group in user_groups:
            for member_id in group["members"]:
                if member_id != user_id:
                    feed.extend(self.get_user_messages(member_id))
        self.feed[user_id] = sorted(feed, key=lambda x: x['message_id'], reverse=True)[:50]

    def get_user_feed(self, user_id):
        return self.feed.get(user_id, [])

    # Notification Service
    def send_notification(self, user_id, notification):
        # Simulating push notifications
        print(f"Notification to User {user_id}: {notification}")

    # Search Service
    def search_messages(self, query):
        search_results = [message for message in self.messages if query in message['content']]
        return search_results

    def search_users(self, query):
        search_results = [user for user in self.users.values() if query in user['username']]
        return search_results

    # Encryption Service
    def encrypt_message(self, message_content):
        # Implement encryption logic here (e.g., using cryptography libraries)
        encrypted_content = "Encrypted: " + message_content
        return encrypted_content

    def decrypt_message(self, encrypted_content):
        # Implement decryption logic here (e.g., using cryptography libraries)
        decrypted_content = encrypted_content.replace("Encrypted: ", "")
        return decrypted_content


if __name__ == '__main__':
    im = InstantMessenger()

    # User Service
    user1 = im.register_user("user1", "[email protected]", "password1")
    user2 = im.register_user("user2", "[email protected]", "password2")

    user1 = im.login_user("user1", "password1")
    user2 = im.login_user("user2", "password2")

    user1_profile = im.get_user_profile(user1['user_id'])
    user2_profile = im.get_user_profile(user2['user_id'])

    # Message Service
    im.send_message(user1['user_id'], user2['user_id'], "Hello, User2!")
    im.send_message(user2['user_id'], user1['user_id'], "Hi, User1!")

    user1_messages = im.get_user_messages(user1['user_id'])
    user2_messages = im.get_user_messages(user2['user_id'])

    # Contact Service
    im.add_contact(user1['user_id'], user2['user_id'])
    im.remove_contact(user1['user_id'], user2['user_id'])

    # Group Service
    group1 = im.create_group("Family Group", [user1['user_id'], user2['user_id']])
    im.add_member_to_group(group1['group_id'], user1['user_id'])
    im.remove_member_from_group(group1['group_id'], user1['user_id'])

    # Feed Generation Service
    im.generate_feed(user1['user_id'])
    user1_feed = im.get_user_feed(user1['user_id'])

    # Notification Service
    im.send_notification(user2['user_id'], "You have a new message from User1!")

    # Search Service
    search_results = im.search_messages("Hello")

    # Encryption Service
    encrypted_message = im.encrypt_message("Hello, User2!")
    decrypted_message = im.decrypt_message(encrypted_message)

# Sample data to represent user and message storage (Replace this with a database in a real implementation)
users = {
    1: {"id": 1, "username": "user1", "password": "password1"},
    2: {"id": 2, "username": "user2", "password": "password2"},
    # Add more users as needed
}

messages = []


# Function to register a new user
def register_user(username, password):
    # Check if the user already exists
    for user in users.values():
        if user['username'] == username:
            return None, "Username already exists"

    # Generate a unique user ID
    user_id = max(users.keys()) + 1 if users else 1

    # Create a new user and store in the user dictionary
    user = {"id": user_id, "username": username, "password": password}
    users[user_id] = user

    return user, "User created successfully"


# Function to authenticate a user
def login_user(username, password):
    # Check if the user exists and the password is correct
    for user in users.values():
        if user['username'] == username and user['password'] == password:
            return user, "Login successful"

    return None, "Invalid username or password"


# Function to send a message
def send_message(sender_id, receiver_id, content):
    # Check if both sender and receiver exist
    if sender_id not in users or receiver_id not in users:
        return None, "Invalid sender or receiver"

    # Create a new message and add it to the messages list
    message = {
        "sender_id": sender_id,
        "receiver_id": receiver_id,
        "content": content
    }
    messages.append(message)

    return message, "Message sent successfully"


# Test the functions
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Test user registration
    user1, msg1 = register_user("user1", "password1")
    print(msg1)  # Output: User created successfully

    user2, msg2 = register_user("user2", "password2")
    print(msg2)  # Output: User created successfully

    _, msg3 = register_user("user1", "password123")
    print(msg3)  # Output: Username already exists

    # Test user login
    _, login_msg1 = login_user("user1", "password1")
    print(login_msg1)  # Output: Login successful

    _, login_msg2 = login_user("user2", "password123")
    print(login_msg2)  # Output: Invalid username or password

    # Test sending a message
    message, send_msg = send_message(sender_id=user1['id'], receiver_id=user2['id'], content="Hello, User2!")
    print(send_msg)  # Output: Message sent successfully

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)
instant_messenger = InstantMessenger()

# User Registration API
@app.route("/users/register", methods=["POST"])
def register_user():
    data = request.json
    user_id = str(len(instant_messenger.users) + 1)
    username = data.get("username")
    password = data.get("password")
    user = User(user_id, username, password)
    instant_messenger.add_user(user)
    return {
        "user_id": user_id,
        "username": username,
    }, 201

# Send Message API
@app.route("/messages/send", methods=["POST"])
def send_message():
    data = request.json
    sender_id = data.get("sender_id")
    receiver_id = data.get("receiver_id")
    content = data.get("content")
    message = instant_messenger.send_message(sender_id, receiver_id, content)
    if message:
        return {
            "message_id": message.message_id,
            "sender": message.sender.username,
            "receiver": message.receiver.username,
            "content": message.content,
        }, 200
    else:
        return {"message": "User not found"}, 404

# Get Messages API
@app.route("/messages/get/<user_id>", methods=["GET"])
def get_user_messages(user_id):
    user_messages = instant_messenger.get_user_messages(user_id)
    if user_messages:
        messages_data = []
        for message in user_messages:
            messages_data.append({
                "message_id": message.message_id,
                "sender": message.sender.username,
                "receiver": message.receiver.username,
                "content": message.content,
            })
        return {"messages": messages_data}, 200
    else:
        return {"message": "User not found or no messages found"}, 404

# Run the Flask app
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()

# Real-Time Messaging
class InstantMessenger:
    def __init__(self):
        self.users = {}
        self.messages = []

    def send_message(self, sender_id, receiver_id, content):
        # Check if both sender and receiver exist
        if sender_id not in self.users or receiver_id not in self.users:
            return "Invalid sender or receiver"

        # Create a new message and add it to the messages list
        message = {
            "sender_id": sender_id,
            "receiver_id": receiver_id,
            "content": content
        }
        self.messages.append(message)
        return "Message sent successfully"


# User Authentication
def login_user(username, password, users):
    # Check if the user exists and the password is correct
    for user_id, user in users.items():
        if user['username'] == username and user['password'] == password:
            return user_id, "Login successful"

    return None, "Invalid username or password"


# Contacts and Friends List
def add_contact(user_id, contact_id, contacts):
    # Check if the user exists
    if user_id not in contacts:
        return "Invalid user"

    # Add the contact
    contacts[user_id].add(contact_id)
    return "Contact added successfully"


# Presence Status
def set_presence_status(user_id, status, presence_status):
    presence_status[user_id] = status
    return "Presence status updated successfully"


# Message Delivery and Read Receipts
def mark_message_delivered(message_id, delivered_status, messages):
    # Check if the message exists
    for message in messages:
        if message['message_id'] == message_id:
            message['delivered'] = delivered_status
            return "Message delivery status updated successfully"

    return "Invalid message ID"


def mark_message_read(message_id, read_status, messages):
    # Check if the message exists
    for message in messages:
        if message['message_id'] == message_id:
            message['read'] = read_status
            return "Message read status updated successfully"

    return "Invalid message ID"


# Multimedia Sharing
def share_multimedia(sender_id, receiver_id, content, media_type, messages):
    # Check if both sender and receiver exist
    if sender_id not in self.users or receiver_id not in self.users:
        return "Invalid sender or receiver"

    # Create a new message and add it to the messages list
    message = {
        "sender_id": sender_id,
        "receiver_id": receiver_id,
        "content": content,
        "media_type": media_type
    }
    messages.append(message)
    return "Multimedia shared successfully"


# Push Notifications
def send_push_notification(user_id, notification, push_notifications):
    push_notifications[user_id] = notification
    return "Push notification sent successfully"


# Emojis and Stickers
def add_emoji_sticker(message_id, emoji_sticker, messages):
    # Check if the message exists
    for message in messages:
        if message['message_id'] == message_id:
            if 'emojis_stickers' not in message:
                message['emojis_stickers'] = []
            message['emojis_stickers'].append(emoji_sticker)
            return "Emoji/Sticker added successfully"

    return "Invalid message ID"


# Group Chats
def create_group(group_name, members, groups):
    # Generate a unique group ID
    group_id = max(groups.keys()) + 1 if groups else 1

    # Create the group and add it to the groups dictionary
    group = {"group_id": group_id, "group_name": group_name, "members": members}
    groups[group_id] = group
    return "Group created successfully"


def add_member_to_group(group_id, member_id, groups):
    # Check if the group exists
    if group_id not in groups:
        return "Invalid group ID"

    # Add the member to the group
    groups[group_id]["members"].append(member_id)
    return "Member added to the group successfully"


# Message Search
def search_messages(query, messages):
    # Search for messages based on content or timestamps
    search_results = []
    for message in messages:
        if query in message['content']:
            search_results.append(message)

    return search_results


# End-to-End Encryption
def encrypt_message(message_content):
    # Implement encryption logic here (e.g., using cryptography libraries)
    encrypted_content = "Encrypted: " + message_content
    return encrypted_content


def decrypt_message(encrypted_content):
    # Implement decryption logic here (e.g., using cryptography libraries)
    decrypted_content = encrypted_content.replace("Encrypted: ", "")
    return decrypted_content


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Usage example
    im = InstantMessenger()
    im.users = {
        1: {"username": "user1", "password": "password1"},
        2: {"username": "user2", "password": "password2"},
    }

    im.send_message(1, 2, "Hello, User2!")  # Output: "Message sent successfully"

    im.set_presence_status(1, "online")  # Output: "Presence status updated successfully"
    im.add_contact(1, 2)  # Output: "Contact added successfully"

    im.messages = [
        {"message_id": 1, "sender_id": 1, "receiver_id": 2, "content": "Hello, User2!", "delivered": True, "read": False},
    ]

    mark_message_delivered(1, True)  # Output: "Message delivery status updated successfully"
    mark_message_read(1, True)  # Output: "Message read status updated successfully"

    share_multimedia(1, 2, "cat.jpg", "image")  # Output: "Multimedia shared successfully"

    send_push_notification(2, "You have a new message from User1!")  # Output: "Push notification sent successfully"

    add_emoji_sticker(1, "🙂")  # Output: "Emoji/Sticker added successfully"

    groups = {}
    create_group("Family Group", [1, 2], groups)  # Output: "Group created successfully"
    add_member_to_group(1, 3, groups)  # Output: "Member added to the group successfully"

    search_results = search_messages("Hello", im.messages)  # Output: [{'message_id': 1, 'sender_id': 1, 'receiver_id': 2, 'content': 'Hello, User2!', 'delivered': True, 'read': False}]
    
    encrypted_message = encrypt_message("Hello, User2!")  # Output: Encrypted message using encryption logic
    decrypted_message = decrypt_message(encrypted_message)  # Output: "Hello, User2!"