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Abstract

Tablespace in PostgreSQL</figcaption></figure>Types of tablespaces:<ul><li>1.Default tablespace</li><li>when we are creating DB without specifying tablespace location by default objects are stored into pg_default 1.pg_default → all the user related objects are stored here 2.pg_global → all the system related objetcs are stored here</li><li>2. Non-Default tablespace The DB objects are stored into specific location/directory Which was defined by user.</li></ul>What are the advantages of using non-default tablespace?1.logically maintaining the objects on specific directory 2.better I/O retention 3.Maintenance activities (like to take backup specific volume backup)To define a tablespace<div id="c707"><pre>CREATE TABLESPACE tbspace1 LOCATION '/u01/postgresql/data';</pre></div>Note:<ul><li>The

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location must be an existing, empty directory that is owned by the PostgreSQL operating system user. All objects subsequently created within the tablespace will be stored in files underneath this directory.</li><li>Creation of the tablespace itself must be done as a database superuser, but after that you can allow ordinary database users to use it</li></ul>To create DB with tablespace:<div id="31c2"><pre>CREATE DATABASE Sports TABLESPACE tbspace1;</pre></div>To view the tablespace:<ul><li>Here this system catalog to view the existing tablespace .</li></ul><div id="8592"><pre>SELECT * FROM pg_tablespace;</pre></div>List Command To View Tablespace:<ul><li>The below meta-command is also useful for listing the existing tablespaces.</li></ul><div id="5abd"><pre>\db</pre></div></article></body>

Canon’s 16–35MM F4 is Fantastic For Landscape Photography

This panorama of Jenne Farm in Reading, Vt., shows off the rolling hills of the property. © Bruce Coulter Photography

I’ve been a Canon guy from Day 1. As I’ve progressed from a crop-frame camera to a full-frame and now mirrorless, so have my lens choices.

Ten years ago, I was shooting with a Canon T3, and I made a lot of mistakes with it. Key among them was not setting the image quality properly. It was set to the lowest quality image possible. My photos looked fantastic (at least I thought so, back then) on the internet. But in print? They were horrible.

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One of my better decisions was to buy a used Canon 22–55mm f4/5.6 wide-angle lens at a pawn shop for a hundred bucks. It’s lightweight, compact, and has a relatively fast lens, with a sweet spot of f9. The lens flare was horrible. I had no idea lens hoods were a thing back then, so I dealt with a lot of flare in my photos on sunny days. Still, I was delighted with it. I also learned what was possible with a wide-angle lens.

Eventually, I moved to a full-frame camera, requiring, in my mind, an upgrade in my choice of wide-angle lenses. I settled on Canon’s EF 16–35mm F4 lens. It was the first lens I bought brand new, and at $1,200, it wasn’t cheap. At least I recouped most of my money on my old lens.

Initially, I planned to use the lens for real estate photography. I was just starting in the real estate market, so I wasn’t photographing million-dollar listings, but a home was a home.

One of my early real estate photos of a living room. Nothing fancy, but the client liked it and the home sold quickly. © Bruce Coulter Photography

Honestly, I wasn’t too keen on photographing homes. I shot bracketed photos, which then had to be merged in Lightroom. On a slow computer, that was time-consuming. Sure, it put a few bucks in my pocket, but I felt no peace doing it.

So I started traveling around New England, usually with my daughter in the passenger seat. As I’ve written before, we keep each other company on road trips, and she loves getting out of the house.

I’ve progressed to shooting with one of Canon’s first mirrorless cameras, the EOS R. With a full-frame, 30-megapixel sensor, I’m not limited to what I can do. I can and often do shoot wide open at 16mm. Frankly, I go by what my eye tells me when I look through the viewfinder rather than depend solely on the articulating LCD screen.

This panorama was shot hand held, merging two photos together to create this wide shot. © Bruce Coulter Photography

While the EOS R does lack image stabilization, the 16–35mm lens has four stops of image stabilization, so you have some relative safety if you shoot offhand. I usually use my tripod, but I’m not averse to hand-holding my camera. The Gettysburg image above, for example, was shot without a tripod and displays the breadth of the battlefield.

According to Canon, the lens is “built to function even in unfavorable weather conditions, the EF 16–35mm f/4L IS USM is dust-resistant and water-resistant (when used with an optional Canon PROTECT filter) for professional caliber ultra-wide performance everywhere.”

This photo was taken in Mystic, Ct, at 35mm. It was cropped vertically to give the impression of a panorama.

I appreciate the ability to shoot at wide angles. With the 16–35 lens, I can shoot at 35mm, crop it vertically, and give the impression of a wide-angle landscape photo.

More importantly, I can shoot several images of wide-open spaces and create panoramas for incredibly wide photos.

I had hoped to photograph a wider view from the top of Mt. Monadnock in New Hampshire, but my view was limited by other earthlings. © Bruce Coulter Photography

I realize there are other options for wide-angle lenses within the Canon family, many of which are fixed focal lengths, such as the 24mm wide-angle lens or the 8–15mm fisheye lens. Fixed focal lengths are much more affordable. Others, like the fisheye lens mentioned above, cost more than $1,200, which is out of reach for many photographers. I’ve considered the 8–15mm lens, but I’m happy with my present lens.

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Canon’s RF series of wide-angle lenses is growing — some are rather pricy. But if you want to start with a fixed focal length, consider Canon’s RF16mm F2.8 STM is a bargain at $249, even without image stabilization. A good zoom lens is the RF24–105mm F4–7.1 IS STM. Priced at $400, you’ll have a quality lens that won’t break the bank.

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