The Dangers of Creating Likable Characters
Why likability should never be your focus when writing
At the height of lockdown, I asked my best friend for TV show suggestions. “Watch Schitts Creek,” she told me. “But you can’t give up on it for at least five episodes. This show is a masterclass in character growth.”
Like she’d expected, I found the beginning nearly unwatchable. Talk about some unlikable people. But said best friend is one of my CPs, one whose story sense I trust inherently. So I stuck it out.
The last season routinely had me in a pile of happy tears. It wasn’t just because David and Patrick were simply the best, even though they are. It was because David had to change in order for this relationship to hit us so deeply. The feelings later seasons of Schitts Creek stir up only work because we saw where they started — self-centered, out of touch, deeply flawed characters.
We love them because of how they’ve grown.
But this was 2020. I didn’t have this understanding when I was writing my earliest books. In 2015, as I began writing my first YA contemporary (and third attempt at a novel), I remember thinking to myself “I know I’m going to have her make poor choices, so I need to make her likable in other ways.” I focused on trying to make her a good friend, a good daughter.
I also wrote her extremely self-aware. She would think through every option I could see as her author, and then make the choice most in line with her personality and goals.
Most of my CPs hated her.
In revisions, about eighty percent of my changes to her character was deleting the introspection before the decision. It made a huge difference. I didn’t explain this choice, but sent the book back to a few of my closest CPs, and got a response akin to “whatever you did with her, it works. I like her so much better now.”
I learned two important lessons from this: first, the best characters are not self-aware (look at all the deniability in romance arcs!). Second, writing a character while walking on eggshells around whether or not people will like them is a recipe that all but guarantees they won’t be liked.
Today I want to focus mostly on that second point, partially because in my Enneagram One mind, a lack of introspection is a character flaw, but mostly because it’s a mistake I see repeated with the clients I work with. Plus, in a lot of ways, removing introspection — especially near the beginning of a book — can be a way to solve the likability issue.
The Problem with Tiptoeing around Imperfections
I was recently working with a coaching client of mine who felt like she was stuck on moving her plot forward as she reached the second act. She sent me a synopsis of act one, and where she saw the rest of the story going. I read through it, enjoyed the setup, and found myself spacing out as I read the rest. I told her this, and said I didn’t think the problem was the plot at all.
The problem was that the plot had nothing to do with the character’s flaws.
One of my first checks when I’m doing a manuscript evaluation is, “what choice does the main character make at the end that she was incapable of at the beginning?” Ideally, this choice requires her to change something about herself. To learn the theme. To move past her flaws. This is pretty difficult if:
- she doesn’t have any flaws to start with
- the imperfections she does have are entirely unrelated to her character arc (I’m looking at you, clumsy, awkward, weird manic pixie dream girls. Clumsy and awkward are not imperfections as far as story is concerned.)
- the flaws are there on some level, but they don’t negatively affect the world around her
When we tiptoe around these imperfections because we’re hoping people will like the people we write about, we ironically rob our audience of the chance to grow to like them — to root for them as they overcome their flaws.
Writing Characters Your Audience Will Love
My 2015 book went through some of the most intense revisions I’ve ever done, and it still was my least successful book in the query trenches.
I followed it up with the first draft of Enchantress. I’ve written a lot about that book, but one of the things I haven’t talked about specifically was what it’s like writing a fall arc: what it’s like writing someone I want people to dislike.
It took several drafts to get there, but eventually I found it freeing. Celeste is deeply flawed, and she only gets worse. The choice she makes at the end of the book that she was incapable of making at the beginning is one that harms, rather than saves.
I was never concerned with making Celeste particularly likable. My CPs liked her anyway. I have a lot of comments yelling at her poor decisions, but not a lot of “I hate her and I don’t think you wanted me to” comments like I got on the book before that.
Focus on Character Growth
There is a reason my first check in a manuscript evaluation is “what choice did the character make at the end she was incapable of making at the beginning.” Actually, there are several reasons. One is that it’s an easy yardstick, measurable in an instant. But easy isn’t the most important part. There are other easy checks, like “is the grammar decent?” that don’t have the same return on their investment.
People read to see characters grow. They will enjoy a plot, but they read for the characters. Sometimes this means their quirks and personalities, but often it means what they learn, thematic resonance, and choices.
The flip side of this is that you can’t start with a perfect character. They need to suck at something. They need to make mistakes. They need to hurt people. Their approach to life needs to be at a tipping point where it either already isn’t working or is about to stop working.
Okay, you ask, but why would people want to follow around someone who keeps hurting people? Enter the reason the Save the Cat formula has that name.
Save the Cat
The beat of saving the cat has more or less been removed from the formula that shares its namesake (which I’ve written about here), but the gist of this moment in a story is that your character must do something likable. We must see that there is something good in them even if they are, say, a thief.
