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7156">I covered user-specific secrets here:</p><div id="744d" class="link-block"> <a href="https://readmedium.com/create-a-per-user-secret-in-secrets-manager-part-1-bb97b66e2a2d"> <div> <div> <h2>User-Specific Secrets on AWS: IAM Policies</h2> <div><h3>ACM.82 IAM Policies to allow users to describe their own secrets</h3></div> <div><p>medium.com</p></div> </div> <div> <div style="background-image: url(https://miro.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:320/1*PcniDpBJq2db0jbdryc_Nw.png)"></div> </div> </div> </a> </div><h2 id="aada">Create the user-specific Secret to store the automation credentials</h2><p id="a515">Next I create <b>SandboxDevAutomationSecret</b> in Secrets Manager, encrypted with my <b>Sandbox KMS key</b>.</p><figure id="e15e"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*DQonCyF8UzPnZZoiGOKD9w.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><figure id="f7b3"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*zITxEtD__wFDwpPrBpqv4w.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><h2 id="2e63">Create a user-specific EC2 instance role for the SandboxDev user</h2><p id="3417">Next I create an EC2 instance role that the developer is allowed to pass to EC2 instances named <b>SandboxDevEC2Role</b>.</p><figure id="44ef"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*__fohZeTWjwdYrS__B4imQ.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p id="eee9">The role will have a prefix with the username:</p><figure id="7afa"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*7dKW5KiQMivtKqjgzA_1Gw.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p id="a338">This role is granted access to:</p><ul><li>Read the<b> SandboxDevSecret.</b></li><li>Pull containers from the <b>sandbox Elastic Container Repository.</b></li><li>Use the <b>sandbox KMS key </b>to access decrypt the secret and the container in the repository</li></ul><h2 id="df90">Create the Automation user</h2><p id="b752">Create the <b>SandboxDevAutomation</b> user. Do not give this user console access.</p><figure id="ddeb"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*QWVvQMA9aDCtmiVxSR61iw.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p id="c19e">Remember that I already have a role (<b>CloneGitHubtoCodeCommitRole</b>) used by my batch job from prior posts. Create a policy that allows the SandboxDevAutomation user to use STS to assume that role.</p><p id="559f">The <b>SandboxDev</b> user needs permission to change the <b>credentials</b> <b>and</b> MFA device of the <b>SandboxDevAutomation</b> user.</p><h2 id="0f53">Edit the batch job role trust policy to allow the SandboxDevAutomation role to assume it</h2><p id="7f1d">We need to modify the trust policy to allow the <b>SandboxDevAutomation</b> <b>user</b> to assume the <b>CloneGitHubtoCodeCommitRole</b> role with MFA.</p><figure id="6ad1"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*xAHGslW3SSbv6c5NO8mhzg.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p id="7ad0">Edit the trust policy:</p><figure id="cfaf"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*Vna71G_F2e-8Vdtw4yBwFw.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p id="6a5a">Change the user to SandboxDev:</p><figure id="f788"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*vpSqEqjFa_qg59v_dnPCzQ.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><h2 id="49b3">Add permissions to KMS Key Resource Policy</h2><p id="8cf1">Next I need to allow the <b>SandboxDev</b> user to encrypt and decrypt and the <b>SanboxDevEC2Role</b> to decrypt with the <b>sandbox KMS Key.</b> I edit my automation to add those two roles to the encrypt and decrypt users.</p><figure id="380f"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*UkzCt10p0iqCR4OpMs6uhQ.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><h2 id="d015">Login as SandboxDev</h2><p id="725d">Log into the AWS Console with the SandboxDev user. If you’ve been following along, you have an account with a prefix specific to your organization and -Dev at the end if you used my deployment scripts.</p><figure id="13d5"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*5L-3C9ORVXOWv6KRdCkBLg.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><h2 id="d260">Add MFA devices</h2><p id="5cca">Add a Hardware MFA device to the SandboxDev User.</p><figure id="21f0"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*8s8rTuyWOsLAQUEqfwTtOQ.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p id="c0e6">Add a Virtual MFA device to the SandboxDevAutomation User.</p><p id="5cec">I explain why I do not use a Yubikey to generate MFA codes here:</p><div id="1308" class="link-block"> <a href="https://readmedium.com/the-yubikey-cli-and-aws-mfa-50e6be0698a7"> <div> <div> <h2>The Yubikey CLI and AWS MFA</h2> <div><h3>ACM.11 Considering the attack surface and MFA choices for our Security Batch Jobs</h3></div> <div><p>medium.com</p></div> </div> <div> <div style="background-image: url(https://miro.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:320/1*SFAKbcK__GlbJbJJJVXK9w.png)"></div> </div> </div> </a> </div><figure id="5893"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*iFl4DTQNuplt-SGONHpNYw.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><h2 id="d7df">Create automation credentials</h2><p id="b9e4">Create an <b>Access key</b> for the <b>SandboxDevAutomation</b> user.</p><figure id="7f1e"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*KoVfxp-aJvzBiacPyFeMlA.png"><figcaption></figcap

Options

tion></figure><p id="217e">I have explained before that I disagree with the verbiage on this page. The CLI in the browser has a much larger attack surface and it depends how you are using the keys.</p><figure id="0423"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*_CCe4xu8AcNLloUHgvF5Aw.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><h2 id="8caa">Store the credentials in the SandboxDevAutomationSecret</h2><p id="24aa">Head to the Secrets Manager dashboard.</p><p id="432d">Click on the SandboxDevAutomationSecret.</p><figure id="6893"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*cz9jnYSnBsGXf9Y8VZjGPQ.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p id="f616">Store the secret key id and secret access key.</p><figure id="4b95"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*-G9eR929nKSsGWrsOuzucg.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><h2 id="5496">Test Launching an EC2 Instance with the SandboxDev role</h2><p id="8907">Head over the EC2 dashboard and test launching an EC2 Instance. Recall that the Instance name needs to match what we specified in the policy above.</p><figure id="a1c7"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*FqCLLp7V854JJZa88TIdvA.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p id="2bc8">If you need to decode any error messages I explained how to do that here:</p><div id="bb13" class="link-block"> <a href="https://readmedium.com/decoding-aws-error-messages-db0e0cbecf0d"> <div> <div> <h2>Decoding AWS Error Messages</h2> <div><h3>Free Content on Jobs in Cybersecurity | Sign up for the Email List</h3></div> <div><p>medium.com</p></div> </div> <div> <div style="background-image: url(https://miro.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:320/1*4oxP4LXk8l8c3mpRvO7ejg.png)"></div> </div> </div> </a> </div><p id="bd85">Choose the existing networking created for EC2 instances from prior posts.</p><div id="a149" class="link-block"> <a href="https://readmedium.com/automating-cybersecurity-metrics-890dfabb6198"> <div> <div> <h2>Automating Cybersecurity Metrics (ACM)</h2> <div><h3>A series of blog posts on cybersecurity metrics and security automation</h3></div> <div><p>medium.com</p></div> </div> <div> <div style="background-image: url(https://miro.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:320/1*L9lEIsaWt6xm2Op2ww-G5w.png)"></div> </div> </div> </a> </div><p id="2937">Choose the role we created under Advanced details.</p><figure id="8870"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/1*oHJior3Ueea6woDB1zqqKQ.png"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p id="a822">One note that took me a bit to resolve. The message when your user does not have permission to pass the IAM role to the EC2 instance is a bit ambiguous.</p><div id="a0fb" class="link-block"> <a href="https://readmedium.com/ambiguous-error-message-when-a-user-doesnt-have-permission-to-pass-a-specific-iam-role-to-an-ec2-b005f338b6df"> <div> <div> <h2>Ambiguous Error Message When a User Doesn’t Have Permission to Pass a Specific IAM Role to an EC2…</h2> <div><h3>This error message needs to be more specific and doesn’t show up in CloudTrail for the User Name</h3></div> <div><p>medium.com</p></div> </div> <div> <div style="background-image: url(https://miro.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:320/1*4oxP4LXk8l8c3mpRvO7ejg.png)"></div> </div> </div> </a> </div><p id="51b2">Getting the resources setup took some time because I realized I had to revise my approach. I didn’t automate any of this but I will in the future. For now I just want to make sure it works. I can also figure out what permissions each policy requires.</p><p id="1fb5">I will test the initialization script in the next post.</p><p id="2c31">Follow for updates.</p><p id="4a3a">Teri Radichel | <i>© <a href="https://2ndsightlab.com/?source=post_page---------------------------">2nd Sight Lab</a> 2023</i></p><div id="8b5f"><pre><span class="hljs-section">About Teri Radichel:

⭐️ Author: Cybersecurity Books
⭐️ Presentations: Presentations by Teri Radichel
⭐️ Recognition: SANS Award, AWS Security Hero, IANS Faculty
⭐️ Certifications: SANS ~ GSE 240
⭐️ Education: BA Business, Master of Software Engineering, Master of Infosec
⭐️ Company: Penetration Tests, Assessments, Phone Consulting ~ 2nd Sight Lab</pre></div><div id="caae"><pre><span class="hljs-section">Need Help With Cybersecurity, Cloud, or Application Security?
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🔒 Cybersecurity Speaker for Presentation</pre></div><div id="530b"><pre>Follow <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> more stories like <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>:

❤️ Sign Up my Medium Email List ❤️ Twitter: <span class="hljs-meta">@teriradichel</span> ❤️ LinkedIn: https:<span class="hljs-comment">//www.linkedin.com/in/teriradichel</span> ❤️ Mastodon: <span class="hljs-meta">@teriradichel</span><span class="hljs-meta">@infosec</span>.exchange ❤️ Facebook: 2nd Sight Lab ❤️ YouTube: @2ndsightlab</pre></div><figure id="eecf"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.readmedium.com/v2/resize:fit:800/0*H9Ew1KCl-29nZiPR.jpeg"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></article></body>

The Brutal Assassination of Daffodils

What is Mother Nature trying to tell me?

In the town in which I live on the Great Plains of Turtle Island winter refuses to go away. Just a couple of days ago our town recorded a low temperature of ONE degree above zero (Fahrenheit). IN APRIL! IN APRIL! That shattered the all-time record low temperature ever recorded in the month of April by 13 degrees!

A block away from where I live there is a little ornamental plum tree that just four days ago was in full bloom, its delightful pink blossoms a calling forth of life after a particularly brutal winter. A half-block in the opposite direction was a small bed of daffodils that have been blooming now for almost a week (around two weeks later than normal).

Not only did it get down to ONE degree above zero three days ago but we also received three inches of snow on that day. IN APRIL! It was our third snowstorm so far this month!

Today I walked past that flowering plum tree and there was not a glimmer of pink left on it. All the blossoms had been frozen and they were now shriveled up and were a light shade of gray. The daffodils were all bent to the ground, frozen, and shriveled in a state of yellowish-gray.

Spring was just finally starting to make its presence known and Mother Nature came along and slit its throat. Mother Nature brutally killed every sign of spring that had sprung forth.

Now, the town in which I live on the Great Plains of Turtle Island looks exactly like it did back in the middle of February, in the middle of winter.

April happens to be one of my favorite months. It is not just because it is the month when nature reawakens from the hideous cold of winter but it is also because I was born in the month of April and therefore have always had an affinity for that glorious month. It’s my month, goddamit!

But there is something else about April. In three days (on April 11th) I will be celebrating an anniversary. That date is the day I first arrived in this godforsaken town on the Great Plains of Turtle Island in which (on that day) I will have been living for SEVEN years!

When I first arrived here I told myself, “Okay, I’ll stay here for a year — two max.” In three days it will be SEVEN freaking years! Somehow I got stuck here!

SEVEN years is a cycle of time that is a little scary to me. Only two times in my life have I ever lived in one place for more than seven years. I lived in Colorado for 18 mostly glorious years (the longest I’ve ever lived in one place) and I lived in Texas intermittently for almost 9 years. And I’ve lived in a hundred other places for stretches of time that were always far short of SEVEN years.

It scares the shit out of me to think that I will live here much longer. This is not where I wanted to be. It certainly is not where I want to spend the rest of my life. It was only through a bizarrely undesired set of circumstances that I even ended up here. This is one of the last places I ever wanted to be.

And now I’ve been here for SEVEN freaking years!

So what the heck is Mother Nature trying to tell me at this potentially pivotal time in my life? Is the brutal assassination of daffodils and flowering trees a sign of the disruption of the time cycles of my life? Is a potentially new springtime in my life not going to happen as long as I am here? Is it time to move somewhere where Spring still means what it has always meant to me? Is it time for me to continue my journey to the land of blooming daffodils and ornamental trees? Is it time for me to finally let go of a very long winter in my life? Is Mother Nature trying to kick me in the ass to get me moving again?

When I first arrived here seven years ago the trees were turning green, the daffodils were already done blooming, the lilacs were about to bloom, the air smelled of new growth, and the tulips and hyacinths had already peaked.

This year, at the same time of year, the tulips and hyacinths haven’t even begun to bloom yet. The daffodils and flowering trees were wiped out by the lingering wrath of winter, and there is not a hint of green anywhere. It looks like February!

Is Mother Nature trying to teach me patience or is it trying to get me to move by violently kicking me in the ass?

Does a season of springtime always come naturally or, in our sedentary comfort zone, do we have a part to play in kick-starting movement in new directions? What action can we take to keep the ball rolling? Do we experience springtime passively or do we personally initiate new seasons in our lives? Do we bitch about the weather or do we take matters into our own hands?

Is this what Mother Nature is trying to tell me? Or is this what I am trying to tell myself? Either way, it is time for me to start listening.

Copyright by White Feather. All Rights Reserved.

A recent, somewhat related story of mine:

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