A Productive Summer: The Pomodoro Technique for Time Management

By Helen Barrett
In the second of a weekly series on personal productivity, our writer tries a technique to overcome procrastination. Which techniques do you recommend? Tell us in the comment field below
What is it?
A low-tech idea whose time has come. Invented in 1987 to help procrastinators and the perennially distracted, the Pomodoro Technique is a simple system to boost personal productivity, designed by Francesco Cirillo, a student turned global management consultant.
The technique was named after the humble tomato-shaped kitchen timer Mr Cirillo employed to help him study at university 30 years ago (today devotees are more likely to download one of many free tick-tock apps that do the same job — I use Focus Keeper).
At its simplest, it is an idiot-proof system. Decide on the task; set the timer to 25 minutes and focus on the job for that time; when the timer rings, take five minutes off. Each 25-minute chunk is a “Pomodoro”. Repeat three times. Once you have completed four Pomodoros, take half an hour off. Then start again, and keep going until the task is done. After that, there is nothing more to do than congratulate yourself.
Before they know it, many people say they enter a state of flow, and it is mostly down to that mesmerising timer. Something about the low-level anxiety induced by incessant ticking, especially when deadlines loom, forces many users of the system into a state of focus.
What I did
Mr Cirillo claims his technique has helped millions of people get stuff done. If he is right, I am one of them. Pomodoro was recommended to me by a friend a decade ago. At that time, as a freelance writer working at home with a lively young child, focusing on work had become impossible.
I had three days to finish writing a 2,000-word report, but I had not started. So daunted did I feel by the subject matter and scale of the task, I spent my time browsing Twitter (a novelty in 2008 — I had just joined) and lounging about in the garden, anything to distract me from the task ahead. I had to crack my productivity problem.
My friend sent a link to Mr Cirillo’s free ebook that explained his method and the psychology behind it. Today I struggled to find that ebook, posted in 2006, but an updated physical copy will be published on August 14, which includes advice for managers on how to adapt the technique in the workplace for team-based projects.
Now, the Pomodoro has been revamped for the 21st century into a more ambitious project-tracking, measuring and processing system. But many devotees — me included — just stick with the basics.
I read the ebook — while lounging in the garden — and decided I had nothing to lose. So I set the timer, wrote, took a short break and then I started again. I completed another Pomodoro, then another.
Time seemed to collapse. I wrote and wrote. Before I knew it, I had clocked up 12 Pomodoros, finished the report and had entered a state of exhilaration. To my surprise, I had worked on my long-dreaded report all day and it was finished.
A decade later, I still use the Pomodoro technique all the time. I would even describe myself as dependent, particularly on busy writing days when I am racing to meet a deadline and working at home. But I keep it out of the office: relentless ticking might work for me, but it would be selfish to drive my office colleagues to distraction in the process.
Did it work?
The technique is a highly effective psychological trick. If, like me, you get anxious around deadlines, part of the problem is likely to be an innate dread of not being able to do the task at hand, of simply not being up to it. That leads to procrastination — the chief squanderer of precious time. As Mr Cirillo writes:
“Time passes, slips away, moves toward the future. If we try to measure ourselves against the passage of time, we feel inadequate, oppressed, enslaved and defeated more and more with every second that goes by. We lose our élan vital, the life force that enables us to accomplish things.”
But that little timer has forced me to reframe that fear; time becomes an ally rather than an enemy. It is now an orderly, predictable succession of events, and that alleviates anxiety because I know that, for a short burst, I am facing my deadline head-on.
The commitment is minimal: even the most grim task is bearable for 25 minutes, so it is easy to get started. The Pomodoro Technique also cuts down on interruptions — every time I feel the pull of distraction, I remind myself that I am committed only for 25 minutes, so it is easier to just keep going than to give in. More often than not, the 25 minutes are over in a flash and I am irritated by the enforced five-minute break.
“Time is a greedy player who wins without cheating, every round,” wrote Baudelaire in his poem “L‘Horloge” (The Clock). He was right, of course. But what if we change the way we think about time, finding a way to work with it rather than against it?
Pomodoro tries to do just that — and in the digitally distracted 21st century, it works for me.
Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2018
© 2018 The Financial Times Ltd. All rights reserved.
